在目前的工作中,硒纳米材料(Se0NMs)的叶面施用抑制了水稻(水稻)的纹枯病。有益效果是纳米级特异性的和浓度依赖性的。具体来说,5mg/LSe0NMs的叶面改良剂使感染水稻的病情严重度降低了68.8%;该控制水平比具有相同硒质量和市售农药(噻氟胺)的硒离子高1.57倍和2.20倍。机械上,(1)Se0NMs的控释能力使Se0NMs具有更宽的安全浓度范围和更大的生物利用度,和(2)转录组和代谢组学分析表明,Se0NMs同时促进水杨酸和茉莉酮酸依赖性获得性抗病途径,抗氧化系统,和类黄酮生物合成。此外,Se0NMs使水稻产量提高31.1%,营养质量提高了6.4-7.2%,有机硒含量提高44.8%,砷和镉含量分别下降38.7%和42.1%,分别,与受感染的对照相比,在谷物中。人体模拟胃肠道模型结果表明,Se0NMs的应用使谷物中Se的生物可及性提高了22.0%,使谷物中As和Cd的生物可及性降低了20.3和13.4%,分别。这些发现表明,Se0NMs可以作为提高食品质量和安全性的有效和可持续战略。
In the current work, the foliar application of selenium nanomaterials (Se0 NMs) suppressed sheath blight in rice (Oryza sativa). The beneficial effects were nanoscale specific and concentration dependent. Specifically, foliar amendment of 5 mg/L Se0 NMs decreased the disease severity by 68.8% in Rhizoctonia solani-infected rice; this level of control was 1.57- and 2.20-fold greater than that of the Se ions with equivalent Se mass and a commercially available pesticide (Thifluzamide). Mechanistically, (1) the controlled release ability of Se0 NMs enabled a wider safe concentration range and greater bioavailability to Se0 NMs, and (2) transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses demonstrated that Se0 NMs simultaneously promoted the salicylic acid- and jasmonic-acid-dependent acquired disease resistance pathways, antioxidative system, and flavonoid biosynthesis. Additionally, Se0 NMs improved rice yield by 31.1%, increased the nutritional quality by 6.4-7.2%, enhanced organic Se content by 44.8%, and decreased arsenic and cadmium contents by 38.7 and 42.1%, respectively, in grains as compared with infected controls. Human simulated gastrointestinal tract model results showed that the application of Se0 NMs enhanced the bioaccessibility of Se in grains by 22.0% and decreased the bioaccessibility of As and Cd in grains by 20.3 and 13.4%, respectively. These findings demonstrate that Se0 NMs can serve as an effective and sustainable strategy to increase food quality and security.