有机基肥料已被批准有效地改善茶叶生长和土壤肥力。然而,综合施肥对茶树生长和品质以及茶园土壤化学性质的影响尚不清楚。为了解决这个问题,从2020年到2021年,在茶叶研究所的温室中进行了五种不同的处理,杭州,CAAS,包括CK(对照),NPK(化肥),RC(菜籽饼),NPK+B(化肥+生物炭),和NPK+RC,研究不同施肥对土壤化学和茶叶生长及品质的影响。结果表明,NPK+B和NPK+RC显著提高了幼芽中不同氨基酸和儿茶素浓度,茎,与CK相比,茶的根。植物生长参数,例如,植物高度,不。叶子,中茎周长,和新鲜的茎和叶的重量,与CK和单独的有机和无机肥料相比,综合施肥(NPKB和NPKRC)显着增加。叶绿素含量(Chla,Chlb,NPK+RC和Chla+b)通常高于CK(37%,35%,和36%),RC(14%,26%,和18%),和NPK(9%,13%,和11%)治疗。综合施肥缓冲了茶园的酸性土壤,降低了土壤C:N比。NPK+RC也显著增加了土壤的总碳(31%和16%),N(43%和31%),P(65%和40%),可用P(31%和58%),K(70%和25%),硝酸盐(504%和188%),与CK和RC相比,铵的浓度(267%和146%)。土壤宏观(Mg和Ca)和微量营养素(Mn,Fe,Zn,和Cu)显著提高了RC(100%和72%)(49%,161%,112%,和40%)和NPK+RC(88%和48%)(47%,75%,45%,和14%)与CK相比。叶绿素含量、土壤宏微养分与茶叶品质(氨基酸和儿茶素含量)和生长均呈极显著正相关。这些结果表明,综合施肥改善了土壤养分状况,这与茶叶生长和品质的改善有关。因此,综合营养管理是改善茶叶生长的可行工具,质量,和土壤中的低营养水平。
Organic-based fertilizers have been ratified to be effective in ameliorating tea growth and the fertility of soil. However, the effect of integrated fertilization on tea growth and quality and the chemical properties of the soil in tea gardens are unclear. To address this, from 2020 to 2021, five different treatments were carried out in the greenhouse of the Tea Research Institute, Hangzhou, CAAS, including CK (control), NPK (chemical fertilizers), RC (rapeseed cake), NPK+B (chemical fertilizer + biochar), and NPK+RC, to investigate the effects of different fertilizations on soil chemistry and tea growth and quality. The results indicated that NPK+B and NPK+RC significantly improved the different amino acid and catechin concentrations in the young shoots, stems, and roots of the tea compared to the CK. The plant growth parameters, e.g., the plant height, no. of leaves, mid-stem girth, and fresh weights of stems and leaves, were significantly increased with integrated fertilization (NPK+B and NPK+RC) compared to the CK and solo organic and inorganic fertilizers. The chlorophyll contents (Chl a, Chl b, and Chl a+b) were generally higher with NPK+RC than with the CK (37%, 35%, and 36%), RC (14%, 26%, and 18%), and NPK (9%, 13%, and 11%) treatments. Integrated fertilization buffered the acidic soil of the tea garden and decreased the soil C:N ratio. NPK+RC also significantly increased the soil\'s total C (31% and 16%), N (43% and 31%), P (65% and 40%), available P (31% and 58%), K (70% and 25%), nitrate (504% and 188%), and ammonium (267% and 146%) concentrations compared to the CK and RC. The soil macro- (Mg and Ca) and micronutrients (Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu) were significantly improved by the RC (100% and 72%) (49%, 161%, 112%, and 40%) and NPK+RC (88% and 48%) (47%, 75%, 45%, and 14%) compared to the CK. The chlorophyll contents and soil macro- and micronutrients were all significantly positively correlated with tea quality (amino acids and catechin contents) and growth. These results indicated that integrated fertilization improved the soil nutrient status, which is associated with the improvement of tea growth and quality. Thus, integrated nutrient management is a feasible tool for improving tea growth, quality, and low nutrient levels in the soil.