非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD),慢性肝病影响着世界各地的许多人,占全世界所有慢性肝病的25%。几个目标。抗炎,抗凋亡和,抗纤维化因子,抗氧化和胰岛素增敏途径,对于NAFLD的药物治疗,已经研究了代谢调节剂以及对传统药物的再利用.较新的药物疗法,如半胱天冬酶阻断,目前正在研究PPAR激动剂和法尼醇X受体激动剂治疗人NAFLD。然而,NAFLD没有FDA批准的药物治疗,因此,有相当大的未满足的治疗需求。除了常规治疗方案,目前治疗NAFLD的方法包括生活方式干预,包括营养充足的健康饮食和体力活动.众所周知,水果在人类健康的福祉中起着关键作用。水果含有一系列生物活性植物成分,如儿茶素,植物甾醇,原花青素,Genestin,Daidzen,白藜芦醇,在梨等水果中发现的magiferin,杏子,草莓,橘子,苹果,香蕉,葡萄,猕猴桃,菠萝,西瓜,桃子,葡萄籽和皮肤,芒果,葡萄干,葡萄干,干枣,百香果和更多。据报道,这些生物活性植物成分表现出有希望的药理功效,例如减少脂肪酸沉积,脂质代谢增加,调节胰岛素信号通路,肠道菌群和肝脏炎症,抑制组蛋白乙酰转移酶的酶活性仅举几例。不仅仅是水果,但是它们的衍生物像油,纸浆,果皮,或它们的制剂也被发现对各种肝脏疾病如NAFLD同样有益,纳什。虽然大多数水果含有有效的生物活性植物成分,然而,水果中糖的存在给水果的改善特性打了一个问号,关于2型糖尿病患者食用水果后的血糖控制也有不同的报道。本文试图从流行病学角度总结水果植物成分对NAFLD的有益作用。临床和实验证据,特别关注他们的行动机制。
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a chronic liver condition affects a large number of people around the world with a frequency of 25% of all the chronic liver disease worldwide. Several targets viz. anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and, anti-fibrotic factors, anti-oxidant and insulin-sensitizing pathways, metabolic regulators as well as repurposing traditional medications have been studied for the pharmacologic therapy of NAFLD. Newer pharmacotherapies like caspases blockade, agonists of PPAR and farnesoid X receptor agonists are currently being investigated in treating human NAFLD. However, NAFLD has no FDA-approved pharmacological therapy, therefore there is a considerable unmet therapy need. Apart from the conventional treatment regime, the current approaches to treating NAFLD include lifestyle interventions including healthy diet with adequate nutrition and physical activity. Fruits are known to play a key role in the well-being of human health. Fruits are loaded with a repertoire of bioactive phytoconstituents like
catechins, phytosterols, proanthocyanidin, genestin, daidzen, resveratrol, magiferin found in fruits like pear, apricot, strawberries, oranges, apples, bananas, grapes, kiwi, pineapple, watermelon, peach, grape seed and skin, mango, currants, raisins, dried dates, passion fruit and many more. These bioactive phytoconstituents are reported to demonstrate promising pharmacological efficacy like reduction in fatty acid deposition, increased lipid metabolism, modulation of insulin signaling pathway, gut microbiota and hepatic inflammation, inhibition of histone acetyltransferase enzymatic activity to name a few. Not only fruits, but their derivatives like oils, pulp, peel, or their preparations are also found to be equally beneficial in various liver diseases like NAFLD, NASH. Although most of the fruits contains potent bioactive phytoconstituents, however, the presence of sugar in fruits put a question mark on the ameliorative property of the fruits and there has been contrasting reports on the glycemic control post fruit consumption in type 2 diabetic patients. This
review is an attempt to summarize the beneficial effects of fruit phytoconstituents on NAFLD based on epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidence, focusing especially on their mechanisms of action.