豆类,健康饮食的重要组成部分,可能通过肠道微生物组的影响发挥其健康益处。然而,这一假设尚未得到很好的研究。
本研究旨在研究中国老年人长期食用豆类与肠道微生物组之间的关联。
通过16S核糖体RNA测序对2个大型队列研究中的2302名中国成年人的肠道微生物组进行了分析,上海女性健康研究和上海男性健康研究。豆类消费,包括花生,大豆食品,和其他豆子,在收集粪便之前通过食物频率问卷进行评估。通过线性或负二项障碍模型评估了豆类消费与微生物组多样性和分类群丰度的关联,适应社会人口统计学,生活方式因素,BMI。错误发现率(FDR)校正的P值(PFDR)<0.1被认为是显著的。
分别,52%和48%的研究参与者是男性和女性。女性收集粪便的平均年龄为68.03岁,男性为70.28岁。豆科植物的总消费量与肠道微生物组的多样性无关;然而,男性花生消费者的Chao1指数较高(β=22.52,P=0.01),而花生消费与女性的Shannon(β=-0.03,P=0.02)和Simpson(β=-0.002,P=0.04)指数下降有关。在女性和男性的综合分析中,豆类总消费量与肠杆菌增加相关(β=0.30,PFDR=0.06)。在这个命令中,肠杆菌科中未分类的属与总豆类(β=0.46,PFDR=0.03)和花生(β=0.59,PFDR=0.01)的消费量呈正相关。分层分析显示,显着的关联主要局限于女性和没有代谢条件的参与者。
在中国老年人中,豆类消费与肠道微生物组的多样性和某些细菌的丰度有关。仅在1个性别组中,关联才显着。进一步研究,包括大规模的前瞻性研究和喂养试验,需要充分了解肠道微生物组在豆类健康协会中的作用。
Legumes, important components of a healthy diet, may exert their health benefits through the influence of the gut microbiome. However, this hypothesis has not been well investigated.
This study aimed to examine the associations between long-term legume consumption and the gut microbiome among elderly Chinese.
The gut microbiome was profiled by 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing in 2302 Chinese adults enrolled in 2 large cohort studies, the Shanghai Women\'s Health Study and Shanghai Men\'s Health Study. Legume consumption, including peanuts, soy foods, and other
beans, was assessed by food-frequency questionnaires prior to the stool collection. The associations of legume consumption with microbiome diversity and taxa abundance were evaluated by linear or negative binomial hurdle models, adjusting for sociodemographics, lifestyle factors, and BMI. False discovery rate (FDR)-corrected P values (PFDR) < 0.1 were considered significant.
Respectively, 52% and 48% of study participants were male and female. The mean age at stool collection was 68.03 y for females and 70.28 y for males. Total legume consumption was not associated with gut microbiome ɑ-diversity; however, male peanut consumers had a higher Chao1 index (β = 22.52, P = 0.01), whereas peanut consumption was associated with decreased Shannon (β = -0.03, P = 0.02) and Simpson (β = -0.002, P = 0.04) indexes among females. In female and male combined analyses, total legume consumption was associated with increased Enterobacteriales (β = 0.30, PFDR = 0.06). Within this order, an unclassified genus in the family Enterobacteriaceae was positively associated with total legume (β = 0.46, PFDR = 0.03) and peanut (β = 0.59, PFDR = 0.01) consumption. Stratified analyses showed significant associations were primarily confined to females and participants without metabolic conditions.
Legume consumption was associated with gut microbiome diversity and abundance of some bacteria in elderly Chinese. Associations were significant only among 1 sex group. Further research, including large-scale prospective studies and feeding trials, is needed to fully understand the role of the gut microbiome in legume-health associations.