University

大学
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    这项研究的目的是分析心理健康对2022-2023学年在大学环境中学习的初中和高中学生学习成绩的影响,在后COVID时期。这项研究是在北京进行的,中国,在600名学生的参与下,包括300名一年级学生和300名五年级学生。DASS(抑郁症,焦虑,和压力量表)和PHQ-9(患者健康问卷-9)问卷用于测量心理健康。DASS评估抑郁症的症状,焦虑,和压力,而PHQ-9专门评估抑郁症的严重程度。学业成绩采用12分量表进行评估,其中结合了各种标准,如考试成绩,课程表现,参加课外活动。该研究于2022年至2023年在该大学的五个学院进行。在研究中,与一年级学生相比,五年级学生表现出更高的心理健康水平,平均DASS评分分别为27.1和24.2。有趣的是,尽管如此,一年级学生取得了更高的学习成绩指标,平均得分为8.2分,而五年级学生为9.8分。相关分析显示压力之间存在显著关联,抑郁症,和焦虑水平与学业成绩(压力:r=-0.25,p<0.001;抑郁:r=-0.20,p=0.003;焦虑:r=-0.18,p=0.008)。这些发现强调了解决学生心理健康问题的关键重要性,尤其是在后来的学术时代。建议包括实施支持计划和为学生开发在线资源。
    The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of mental health on the academic performance of junior and senior students studying in a university setting during the 2022-2023 academic year, in the post-COVID period. The study was conducted in Beijing, China, with the participation of 600 students, including 300 first-year students and 300 fifth-year students. DASS (Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale) and PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) questionnaires were employed to measure mental health. The DASS assesses symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, while the PHQ-9 specifically evaluates depression severity. Academic performance was evaluated using a 12-point scale, which incorporated various criteria such as exam scores, coursework performance, and participation in extracurricular activities. The research was conducted across five faculties of the university from 2022 to 2023. In the study, fifth-year students demonstrated a higher level of mental health compared to first-year students, with an average DASS score of 27.1 and 24.2, respectively. Interestingly, despite this, first-year students achieved higher academic performance indicators, with an average score of 8.2 compared to 9.8 in fifth-year students. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between stress, depression, and anxiety levels with academic performance (stress: r = -0.25, p < 0.001; depression: r = -0.20, p = 0.003; anxiety: r = -0.18, p = 0.008). These findings highlight the critical importance of addressing students\' mental well-being, particularly in later academic years. Recommendations include implementing support programs and developing online resources for students.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    教职员工的研究绩效对大学的发展具有重要意义。本研究的主要目的是检查研究人员的个性对他们在大学内的研究表现的影响,以及研究参与在这种关系中的中介作用。这项研究包括来自一所大学的189名教职员工,并采用了描述性统计数据,相关分析,测量,和结构方程建模作为分析程序。从结构方程模型获得的结果揭示了教职员工的个性对其客观研究表现而不是自我报告表现的显着影响。具体来说,责任心和对经验的开放与研究绩效呈正相关。相反,人格的神经质和社会属性(外向性和随和性的整合)与研究绩效呈负相关。此外,研究参与度调节了对经验的开放性和神经质对研究绩效的影响。这项研究对大学教职员工的培训和招聘选择具有重要意义,并增强了我们对不同个性如何导致研究参与度和绩效差异的理解。
    Faculty members\' research performance holds great significance for the development of a university. The primary objective of this study is to examine the influences of researchers\' personalities on their research performance within universities, as well as the mediating role of research engagement in this relationship. The study encompassed 189 faculty members from a university and employed descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, measurement, and structural equation modeling as the analytical procedures. The results obtained from structural equation modeling reveal significant effects of faculty members\' personalities on their objective research performance rather than self-reported performance. Specifically, conscientiousness and openness to experience exhibit a positive correlation with research performance. On the contrary, the neuroticism and social attributes of personality (the integration of extraversion and agreeableness) exhibit a negative correlation with research performance. Furthermore, research engagement mediates the effects of openness to experience and neuroticism on research performance. This study carries significant implications for the training and recruitment selection of faculty members in universities and enhances our understanding of how different personalities lead to a variance in research engagement and performance.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    大学中的年轻人(18-24岁)经常暴露于促进不健康饮食行为的环境中。使用经过验证的工具,中国营养环境测量调查(C-NEMS-S),我们评估了大量的食物供应和更健康的选择,中国城市大学。我们采用C-NEMS-S进行评分标准和加权。对位于石家庄市的某城市高校共52家校内食堂网点进行了审计,中国。一般食品商店(n43)和自助食品商店(n7)进一步分为八个亚型。饮料出口(n2)与食品出口分开讨论。C-NEMS-S评分在不同的食物出口类型(P=0.0024),尤其是在面条和米饭之间(P=0.0415)。淀粉块茎的食物可用性得分(P<0.001),干豆(P<0.001),蔬菜(P=0.0225),和水果(P<0.001)在食物出口亚型之间存在显着差异。更健康的选择很少,仅出现在“谷物”(n2)和“肉类和家禽”(n2)类别中。需要进一步研究改善习惯的审计工具和评估大学生的饮食质量。
    Young adults (18-24 years) in universities are frequently exposed to an environment that promotes unhealthy eating behaviors. Using a validated tool, the Chinese Nutrition Environment Measurement Survey for Stores (C-NEMS-S), we assess the food availability and healthier options in a large, urban Chinese university. We employed C-NEMS-S for scoring criteria and weighting. A total of 52 on-campus canteen outlets were audited in an urban university located in Shijiazhuang City, China. General food outlets (n 43) and self-served food outlets (n 7) were further categorized into eight subtypes. Beverage outlets (n 2) were discussed separately from food outlets. C-NEMS-S scores were significantly different across food outlet types (P = 0.0024), especially between noodle and rice outlets (P = 0.0415). Food availability scores for starchy tubers (P < 0.001), dry beans (P < 0.001), vegetables (P = 0.0225), and fruits (P < 0.001) were significantly different across food outlet subtypes. Healthier options were scarce and only appeared in \"grains\" (n 2) and \"meat and poultry\" (n 2) categories. Further research on improving the accustomed audit tool and assessing university student diet quality is warranted.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:近年来,学生中的艾滋病毒感染一直是全世界关注的问题。发表了大量文章;然而,缺乏对这些出版物中提供的数据的统计分析。
    目的:本研究旨在检测和分析学生中艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究的新趋势和合作网络。
    方法:从WebofScienceCoreCollection收集了1985年至2022年学生中有关HIV/AIDS的研究出版物。这项研究使用了主题搜索,和英文文章都包括在内。CiteSpace用于生成国家/地区的视觉网络,机构,参考文献,和关键词。引文分析用于发现该领域的里程碑并追踪知识库的根源。关键词分析用于检测研究热点并预测未来趋势。
    结果:共有2726份出版物符合纳入标准。在过去的38年里,每年的出版物数量总体上呈上升趋势。美国的出版物数量最多(n=1303),中心地位最高(0.91)。加州大学系统是核心机构。学生中艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究的主要目标人群是医学生和大学生。这些研究侧重于学生的知识,态度,风险行为,以及关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的教育。最近爆发的关键词(同性恋,性健康,坚持,障碍,心理健康,艾滋病毒检测,污名,和抗逆转录病毒疗法)揭示了该主题的研究趋势和公共利益。
    结论:这项研究确定了在学生中参与艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究领域的国家/地区和机构,并揭示了研究热点和新兴趋势。学生中关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的研究领域正在迅速发展。美国处于中心地位,加州大学系统是核心机构。然而,加强学术合作。未来的研究可能集中在探索同性恋学生,性健康,坚持,障碍,心理健康,艾滋病毒检测,污名,和抗逆转录病毒疗法。
    BACKGROUND: In recent years, HIV infection in students has been an ongoing concern worldwide. A large number of articles have been published; however, statistical analysis of the data presented in these publications is lacking.
    OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to detect and analyze emerging trends and collaborative networks in research on HIV/AIDS among students.
    METHODS: Research publications on HIV/AIDS among students from 1985 to 2022 were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection. A topic search was used for this study, and articles in English were included. CiteSpace was used to generate visual networks of countries/regions, institutions, references, and keywords. Citation analysis was used to discover milestones in the field and trace the roots of the knowledge base. Keyword analysis was used to detect research hotspots and predict future trends.
    RESULTS: A total of 2726 publications met the inclusion criteria. Over the past 38 years, the number of publications annually has been on the rise overall. The United States had the highest number of publications (n=1303) and the highest centrality (0.91). The University of California system was the core institution. The main target population of studies on HIV/AIDS among students were medical and university students. These studies focused on students\' knowledge, attitudes, risk behaviors, and education about HIV/AIDS. The recent bursting keywords (gay, sexual health, adherence, barriers, mental health, HIV testing, stigma, and antiretroviral therapy) revealed research trends and public interest on this topic.
    CONCLUSIONS: This study identified countries/regions and institutions contributing to the research area of HIV/AIDS among students and revealed research hotspots and emerging trends. The field of research on HIV/AIDS among students was growing rapidly. The United States was at the center, and the University of California system was the core institution. However, academic collaboration should be strengthened. Future research may focus on exploring gay students, sexual health, adherence, barriers, mental health, HIV testing, stigma, and antiretroviral therapy.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    焦虑是大学生普遍存在的心理健康问题,识别其风险或相关因素以及揭示潜在机制将有助于制定适当的干预策略。我们研究的目的是测试大学生活中压力源与焦虑症状之间的关系中自我效能感和感知压力的顺序中介。
    采用了横断面研究设计,来自中国医科大学的512名国际学生的样本完成了这项调查,并测量了大学生活中的压力源,自我效能感,感知到的压力和焦虑症状。
    我们发现28.71%的国际学生有焦虑症状,大学生活压力源与焦虑症状呈正相关(β=0.23,t=5.83,p<0.01)。此外,揭示了自我效能感和感知压力在压力源和焦虑症状之间的相关性中的顺序中介作用。
    我们的研究为如何保持心理健康提供了新的视角,建议在培训计划中纳入自我效能感的提高和减轻压力的策略,以支持学生。
    Anxiety is a common mental health problem among university students, and identification of its risk or associated factors and revelation of the underlying mechanism will be useful for making proper intervention strategies. The aim of our study is to test the sequential mediation of self-efficacy and perceived stress in the association between stressors in university life and anxiety symptoms.
    A cross-sectional study design was adopted and a sample of 512 international students from a medical university of China completed the survey with measurements of stressors in university life, self-efficacy, perceived stress and anxiety symptoms.
    We found that 28.71% of the international students had anxiety symptoms, and stressors in university life were positively associated with anxiety symptoms (β = 0.23, t = 5.83, p < 0.01). Moreover, sequential mediating role of self-efficacy and perceived stress in the association between the stressors and anxiety symptoms was revealed.
    Our study provided a new perspective on how to maintain the mental health, which suggested that self-efficacy improvement and stress reduction strategies should be incorporated in the training programs to support students.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    这项研究调查了性别和性别配对对混合学习环境中协作学习期间行为和社交互动的影响。三种类型的配对(全女性,全男性,和混合)在一项对44名本科生的实证研究中被考虑。结果显示,首先,女学生更有可能在听力方面表现良好,说话,在课堂上整合,在课后职位的质量上,而男学生倾向于在合作中更多地从事不相关的行为。第二,同性别群体在合作讨论中更加活跃,但是全男性群体在课后的职位质量表现最差。第三,男女学生在同性别组中比在混合组中更活跃.最后,同性别群体往往比混合性别群体有更大的人际关系。本文最后列出了在男女同校的大学教室中促进有效的协作学习的实际意义。
    This study investigated the effects of gender and gender pairing on behaviors and social interaction during collaborative learning in a blended learning environment. Three types of pairing (all-female, all-male, and mixed) were considered in an empirical study with 44 undergraduate students. The results revealed that, first, female students were more likely to perform well in listening, talking, and integrating during class, and in the quality of posts after class, whereas male students tended to engage more in irrelevant behavior in collaboration. Second, same-gender groups were more active in collaborative discussion, but all-male groups performed worst in quality of posts after class. Third, both male and female students were more active in same-gender groups than in mixed groups. Finally, same-gender groups tended to have greater interpersonal connectedness than mixed-gender groups. The paper ends with a list of practical implications for facilitating effective collaborative learning in co-educational college classrooms.
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  • 文章类型: Systematic Review
    UNASSIGNED:大学生的心理健康问题引起了广泛关注。在线提供的基于正念的干预措施(MBI)具有帮助大学生应对心理健康挑战的巨大潜力。然而,关于在线MBIs的疗效尚无共识。这项荟萃分析旨在确定MBI对改善大学生心理健康是否可行和有效。
    未经评估:WebofScience中的随机对照试验(RCT),PubMed,科克伦图书馆,搜索了Embase和2022年8月31日出版的美国国家医学图书馆(临床试验注册中心)。两名审稿人选择了试验,进行了严格的评估,并提取数据。9项RCT符合我们的纳入标准。
    UNASSIGNED:此分析表明,在线MBI可有效改善抑郁症(标准化平均差[SMD]=-0.27;95%置信区间[CI],-0.48至-0.07;P=0.008),焦虑(SMD=-0.47;95%CI,-080至-0.14;P=0.006),应力(SMD=-0.58;95%CI,-0.79至-0.37;P<0.00001),大学生的正念(SMD=0.71;95%CI,0.17至1.25;p=0.009)。对健康没有显著影响(SMD=0.30;95%CI,-0.00至0.60;P=0.05)。
    UNASSIGNED:研究结果表明,在线MBI可以有效改善大学生的心理健康。然而,需要额外的严格设计的RCT。
    UNASSIGNED:https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-9-0099/,标识符INPLASY202290099。
    UNASSIGNED: Mental health problems among university students are a cause of widespread concern. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) delivered online have considerable potential to help university students manage mental health challenges. However, there is no consensus regarding the efficacy of online MBIs. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether MBIs are feasible and effective for improving university students\' mental health.
    UNASSIGNED: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and the US National Library of Medicine (Clinical Trial Registry) published through August 31, 2022, were searched. Two reviewers selected the trials, conducted a critical appraisal, and extracted the data. Nine RCTs met our inclusion criteria.
    UNASSIGNED: This analysis showed that online MBIs were effective in improving depression (standardised mean difference [SMD] = -0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.48 to -0.07; P = 0.008), anxiety (SMD = -0.47; 95% CI, -080 to -0.14; P = 0.006), stress (SMD = -0.58; 95% CI, -0.79 to -0.37; P < 0.00001), and mindfulness (SMD = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.17 to 1.25; p = 0.009) in university students. No significant effect was found on wellbeing (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI, -0.00 to 0.60; P = 0.05).
    UNASSIGNED: The findings indicated that online MBIs could effectively improve the mental health of university students. Nevertheless, additional rigorously designed RCTs are required.
    UNASSIGNED: https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-9-0099/, identifier INPLASY202290099.
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  • 文章类型: Editorial
    暂无摘要。
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    邻苯二甲酸酯是环境内分泌干扰物,通过多种途径进入人体,危害人体健康。该研究旨在探讨玻璃窗膜中邻苯二甲酸酯浓度与宿舍特征之间的关系。占用活动和习惯,和环境因素,大学宿舍。我们调查了这些关联,并测量了北京13所大学144所宿舍的室内环境参数。根据结果,我们使用多变量逻辑回归进一步探讨了影响邻苯二甲酸酯浓度的因素.结果表明,玻璃窗膜中邻苯二甲酸酯的浓度与宿舍类型有关,占用时间,每日通风持续时间,窗户清洁频率,室内相对湿度,光强度,温度,和颗粒物(PM10)浓度。迄今为止,关于影响玻璃窗膜中邻苯二甲酸酯浓度的因素只有很少的研究;因此,需要进一步研究。我们的发现确定了外部因素对窗膜中不同类型邻苯二甲酸酯的影响,这有助于了解室内邻苯二甲酸盐污染,并根据玻璃窗膜中的邻苯二甲酸盐浓度评估人体暴露。
    Phthalates are environmental endocrine disruptors that enter the human body through a variety of pathways and harm human health. The study aimed to explore the associations between phthalate concentrations in glass window films with dormitory characteristics, occupancy activities and habits, and environmental factors, of university dormitories. We surveyed these associations and measured the indoor environmental parameters of 144 dormitories from 13 universities in Beijing. Based on the results, we further explored the factors affecting phthalate concentrations using multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that phthalate concentrations in glass window films were associated with dormitory type, duration of occupancy, daily ventilation duration, window cleaning frequency, indoor relative humidity, light intensity, temperature, and particulate matter (PM10) concentration. To date, there have only been a few studies on the factors that influence phthalate concentrations in glass window films; therefore, further study is needed. Our findings determined the influence of external factors on the different types of phthalates in window films, which helps understand indoor phthalate pollution and evaluate human exposure based on phthalate concentrations in glass window films.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    年轻一代,尤其是学生,越来越多地将注意力转向电子采购应用程序。然而,关于学生在市场动荡或COVID-19等大流行情况下的倾向的调查很少。为了解决这个知识差距,这项研究基于最著名的社交网站(SNS)之一,从COVID-19大流行期间大学生的电子购买意愿的角度建立了一个模型,微信,在中国。使用608名在中国学习的学生的调查数据对模型进行了检验。结果表明,微信,作为一种流行和常用的社交媒体,在中国COVID-19大流行期间,通过各种用户共享的信息影响用户的电子购买意愿。Further,信任效应调节了中国大学生市场动荡与电子购买意愿之间的关系。尽管有一些限制,例如仅从一个国家的学生那里收集的调查数据,该研究通过揭示市场动荡期间中国学生基于SNS的电子购买意愿,为理论和实践做出了贡献。讨论了从这项研究中收集到的理论贡献和管理意义及其实证结果。
    Young generations, especially students, are increasingly turning their attention to e-purchasing apps. However, little has been investigated regarding students\' tendencies during market turbulence or a pandemic situation such as COVID-19. To address this knowledge gap, this study develops a model from the perspective of e-purchase intention for university students during the COVID-19 pandemic based on one of the most famous social network sites (SNSs), WeChat, in China. The model is tested using survey data from 608 students studying in China. The results indicate that WeChat, as a popular and commonly used social media, affects users in their e-purchase intention during the COVID-19 pandemic in China through information shared by various users. Further, the effect of trust moderates the relationship between market turbulence and e-purchase intention among university students in China. Despite some limitations, such as survey data collected from students only in a single country, the study contributes to theory and practice by shedding light on SNS-based e-purchase intention among students in China during market turbulence. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications gleaned from this study and its empirical results are discussed.
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