随着植入式骨科医疗设备需求的不断增长以及设备相关感染的主导地位,对新型材料的开发进行了广泛的研究。其中,具有生物相容性元素和改进刚度水平的新一代钛合金受到了很多关注。此外,可以赋予抗菌功能的钛基材料的开发已经证明了有希望的结果,其中镓表现出优异的抗菌作用。这已经通过向包括钛合金的各种生物材料中添加镓来证明。因此,本文旨在综述镓在生物医学材料中的抗菌活性,专注于钛基合金。首先,讨论了具有生物相容性元素和降低杨氏模量的新一代钛合金的开发。这包括对合金元素的影响的简要回顾,加工技术以及文献中发现的材料的生物相容性。镓添加到各种材料中的抗菌效果,包括生物物质,液态金属,和生物陶瓷,然后进行审查和讨论。最后,一个关键的焦点是将镓掺入到钛系统中,生物相容性和抗菌作用进行了更详细的回顾和讨论,为该领域的进一步研究提供了建议和方向。
With the rising demand for implantable orthopaedic medical devices and the dominance of device-associated infections, extensive research into the development of novel materials has been prompted. Among these, new-generation titanium alloys with biocompatible elements and improved stiffness levels have received much attention. Furthermore, the development of titanium-based materials that can impart antibacterial function has demonstrated promising results, where gallium has exhibited superior antimicrobial action. This has been evidenced by the addition of gallium to various biomaterials including titanium alloys. Therefore, this paper aims to review the antibacterial activity of gallium when incorporated into biomedical materials, with a focus on titanium-based alloys. First, discussion into the development of new-generation Ti alloys that possess biocompatible elements and reduced Young\'s moduli is presented. This includes a brief review of the influence of alloying elements, processing techniques and the resulting biocompatibilities of the materials found in the literature. The antibacterial effect of gallium added to various materials, including bioglasses, liquid metals, and bioceramics, is then reviewed and discussed. Finally, a key focus is given to the incorporation of gallium into titanium systems for which the inherent mechanical, biocompatible, and antibacterial effects are reviewed and discussed in more detail, leading to suggestions and directions for further research in this area.