This study identified psychological profiles based on depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, positive affect, and posttraumatic growth in 298 patients receiving maintenance dialysis, and examined their relationships with self-management at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Five psychological response profiles were identified: well-being (42.95%), resilient (26.17%), moderate-distress-with-growth (17.79%), distressed (11.07%), and high-distress-with-growth (2.01%). Patients were more likely to be in the distressed profile if they were younger, had less social support, received peritoneal dialysis, and suffered from a greater symptom burden of kidney disease. The well-being profile showed better self-management behavior at baseline and 1-year follow-up. The distressed profile was associated with worse self-management at baseline and the resilient profile was associated with worse self-management at follow-up. The findings highlighted the beneficial role of positive psychological constructs in promoting self-management behavior, which implied that beyond eliminating psychological distress, it is important to facilitate positive psychological well-being.

UNASSIGNED: Improving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among hypertensive individuals has emerged as a significant public health issue. However, current research has ignored the individual heterogeneity of perceived social support (PSS) among hypertensive patients. The potential mechanism of delay discounting (DD), living alone, and PSS on HRQoL remains unclear, and further exploration is required.
UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to ascertain PSS profiles among hypertensive patients and examine the hypotheses that DD mediates the relationship between PSS and HRQoL and that this mediating process is moderated by living alone in hypertensive patients.
UNASSIGNED: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Jiangsu, China. In total, 1815 hypertensive patients completed socio-demographic and HRQoL questionnaires, a PSS scale, and a DD task. Data analyses included a latent profile analysis, χ2-test, Spearman correlation analysis, and PROCESS macro for regression analysis.
UNASSIGNED: Four potential PSS profiles were identified: lowest (3.2%), moderate-low (26.6%), moderate-high (42.4%), and highest (27.8%). DD mediated the association between PSS and HRQoL. The first half of this mediating process was moderated by living alone.
UNASSIGNED: Our findings indicated that PSS, DD, and living alone significantly influence the HRQoL of individuals with hypertension. Healthcare professionals should consider variations in PSS among hypertensive patients and implement interventions to reduce DD by enhancing PSS, in order to improve the HRQoL of this population.

UNASSIGNED: The widespread exposure to plastic products and the increasing number of individuals with cognitive impairments have imposed a heavy burden on society.
UNASSIGNED: This study aims to investigate the relationship between plastic product exposure in daily life and cognitive function in older Chinese individuals.
UNASSIGNED: Data were obtained from the 2023 Ningxia Older Psychological Health Cohort, comprising 4045 participants aged 60 and above. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination scale. A population-based plastic exposure questionnaire was used to calculate plastic exposure scores (PES). Binary logistic regression was employed to analyze the relationship between PES and cognitive function, while restricted cubic splines were used to examine the dose-response relationship between PES and cognitive function. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was employed to explore the potential patterns of plastic exposure, and logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between different exposure patterns and cognitive function. A linear regression model was utilized to investigate the relationship between PES and different dimensions of cognitive function.
UNASSIGNED: Among the 4045 participants, 1915 individuals were assessed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). After adjusting for all covariates, PES (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.06) was significantly associated with the risk of MCI and exhibited a dose-response relationship. LPA identified two potential categories of plastic exposure, with a higher risk of MCI observed in the group using plastic utensils.
UNASSIGNED: This study indicates a positive correlation between plastic exposure levels and MCI risk, particularly among individuals who frequently use plastic tableware.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly dependent on adherence, and adherence behavior is influenced by motivation. The aim of this study was to explore the longitudinal relationship between PrEP motivation and change in adherence among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Western China.
METHODS: From November 2019 to June 2021, we conducted a PrEP prospective cohort study. Motivation to take medicine was measured by the PrEP Motivation Scale at baseline, and was grouped into different levels of latent categories by Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). A multinomial logistic regression model was used to explore the longitudinal relationship between change in adherence (improvement, decline, no change) and different levels of PrEP motivation.
RESULTS: MSM were divided into two categories of PrEP motivation, a \"high motivation group\" (n = 506, 69.89%) and a \"low motivation group\" (n = 218, 30.11%). High PrEP motivation had no significant effect on the change in short-term adherence, however, it contributed to the improvement in long-term adherence [odds ratio (OR) = 3.028 (1.100-8.332), p = 0.031]. The predictive power of the adherence model was significantly enhanced with the addition of the PrEP motivation factor.
CONCLUSIONS: There was a positive correlation between high PrEP motivation at baseline and an improvement in long-term adherence. Surveillance and intervention of PrEP motivation in MSM can increase their adherence, and then promote PrEP efficacy.

BACKGROUND: Widowhood, as a traumatic event in the aging process, may lead to adverse psychological consequences such as anxiety and depression. However, the heterogeneity of anxiety and depression comorbidity patterns in widowed elderly and the interrelationships between symptoms have not been adequately studied.
METHODS: 10,239 elderly aged 65 years and older were screened from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS 2017-2018), to assess depression and anxiety using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD) and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD). The subgroups of widowed elderly with similar patterns of symptoms were identified by latent profile analysis (LPA). The structure of anxiety-depressive comorbidity network was characterized using \"bridge expected influence\" as centrality indices. Network stability was tested using a case drop bootstrap program. A network comparison test (NCT) was performed to examine the differences in network characteristics across LPA subgroups.
RESULTS: LPA identified dichotomous profiles: low comorbid (n = 4457) and high comorbid (n = 692). NCT revealed a significant difference in the global strength between networks (S = 0.631, p < 0.001). GAD1 (Nervousness or anxiety) is the common bridging symptom for both networks, while the bridging symptom for the high comorbidity network also includes GAD3 (Generalized worry).
CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectional methods are unable to verify causal relationships, and further randomized controlled trials are warranted.
CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety-depressive pattern in Chinese widowed elderly can be categorized into a low comorbid or a high comorbid group. GAD3 (Generalized worry) can be used as the core intervention target during intervention.

(1) Background: Although abnormal emotion regulation is a key characteristic of youth with prodromal psychotic symptoms and is closely related to the degree of distress caused by these symptoms, research on the internal heterogeneity of emotion regulation within this clinically high-risk population has been insufficient. (2) Methods: The current study analyzed data from 394 college students with prodromal psychotic symptoms, using latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify emotion regulation profiles based on differences in expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal. One-way ANOVA was employed to examine the relationship between the identified latent profiles and distress of symptoms. (3) Results: Three latent profiles were identified: \"high cognitive reappraisal group\" (n = 117, 29.70%), \"moderate cognitive reappraisal group\" (n = 233, 59.14%), and \"low cognitive reappraisal group\" (n = 44, 11.16%). Significant differences in distress of negative symptoms (F = 9.122, p < 0.05) and perceptual abnormalities (F = 3.103, p < 0.05) were observed across the latent profiles but not in unusual thought content and specific perceptual abnormalities (both p > 0.05). The \"low cognitive reappraisal group\" exhibited the most severe distress of symptoms, followed by the \"moderate cognitive reappraisal group\", while the \"high cognitive reappraisal group\" experienced the least distress. (4) Conclusions: The current study provides evidence for the heterogeneity of emotion regulation among youth with prodromal psychotic symptoms and reveals differences in distress of perceptual abnormalities and negative symptoms between the latent profiles of emotion regulation. These findings support the development of targeted psychological interventions to alleviate the distress of symptoms and improve quality of life.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the latent profiles and predictors of family management styles for children with asthma.
METHODS: This is a secondary data analysis. The demographic data of 506 primary caregivers of children with asthma and their scores of the Family Management Scale in a cross-sectional study were used. Latent profile analysis and multiple logistic regression analyses were employed.
RESULTS: Three family management styles were identified: Thriving (Profile 1), Accommodating (Profile 2), and Enduring (Profile 3) Family Management Style. The child\'s age, gender, mother\'s education level, family structure, influence of illness on parents\' work and family life, whether they had follow-up plans and whether their parents had read disease and health knowledge pamphlets were found to be the predictors of different styles.
CONCLUSIONS: Three distinct family management styles exist for children with asthma. Future interventions designed to enhance family management for children with asthma should be based on their demographic characteristics and family management styles.
UNASSIGNED: The precise classification of family management styles in this study can serve as a guide to form multi-disciplinary teams of physicians and nurses to provide individualized care and conduct in-depth research to explore the mechanisms of biomedicine and the social psychology of asthma in the future.
CONCLUSIONS: This paper aims to identify the latent profiles and predictors of family management styles of children with asthma. Thriving, accommodating, and enduring family management styles were identified in this paper. Child\'s characteristics, family and organizational factors were the predictors of different family management styles. Findings of this paper provide guidance for physicians and nurses to offer individualized care and conduct in-depth research to explore the mechanisms of biomedicine and the social psychology of asthma in the future.
UNASSIGNED: The article was reported according to the STROBE Checklist.
UNASSIGNED: No Patient or Public Contribution.

BACKGROUND: Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is one type of childhood trauma that has long-term effects on physical and mental health, predisposing to social anxiety.
OBJECTIVE: This study attempted to investigate the characteristics of different subgroups of social anxiety among youths with CSA experiences.
METHODS: 83,219 participants were recruited in a cross-sectional study from 63 colleges and universities in Jilin Province, China.
METHODS: The main variables were measured by a series of self-report questionnaires. Latent profile analysis was used to classify different subgroups of social anxiety, and multiple logistic regression was employed to investigate factors influencing transitions between different subgroups.
RESULTS: 3022 (3.63 %) youths who suffered from CSA (46.8 % were male, Mage = 19.57, SD = 1.76) could be divided into four subgroups of social anxiety: low-risk social anxiety (16.4 %), medium-risk social anxiety with high public speaking anxiety (30.3 %), medium-risk social anxiety with no prominent characteristics (22.9 %), and high-risk social anxiety (30.4 %). Shy bladder and bowel and virtual life orientation increased the level of social anxiety from low to medium and high risk. Smoking and drinking were more prevalent in the low- and medium-risk subgroups than in the high-risk subgroup.
CONCLUSIONS: There was heterogeneity in different subgroups of social anxiety among youths with CSA experiences. Potential targeted prevention and intervention suggestions could be beneficial in mitigating the risk of social anxiety and further preventing the aggravation of risk between subgroups.

UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to examine the latent profile of nurses\' mental workload (MWL) and explore the influencing factors via a person-centred approach.
UNASSIGNED: From March to July 2023, a quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate 526 Chinese clinical nurses from five tertiary hospitals in Sichuan Province, China, by using demographic information, the Perceived Social Support Scale, Simplified Coping Skill Questionnaire, and NASA-Task Load Index. Latent profile analyses were performed using Mplus 7.3 software. Pearson\'s chi-squared and logistic regression analysis was done using SPSS 24.0 software.
UNASSIGNED: Three profiles of mental workload were identified based on the nurses\' responses to the mental workload assessment, designated as \"low MWL-high self-rated (n = 70, 13.3%)\", \"moderate MWL (n = 273, 51.9%)\", and \"high MWL-low self-rated (n = 183, 34.8%)\". Based on the analysis of the three subtypes, nurses with working years < 5 years (χ 2  = 12.135, P < 0.05), no children (χ 2  = 16.182, P < 0.01), monthly income < 6000 (χ 2  = 55.231, P < 0.001), poor health status (χ 2  = 39.658, P < 0.001), no psychological training in the past year (χ2 = 56.329, P < 0.001) and suffering from workplace violence (χ 2  = 19.803, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with MWL. Moreover, the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that negative coping styles (OR = 1.146, 95% CI: 1.060-1.238, P = 0.001) were accompanied by higher MWL while negatively associated with perceived social support (OR = 0.927, 95% CI: 0.900-0.955, P < 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: Our results showed that the MWL of nurses could be classified into three subtypes. Monthly income, health status, psychological training, workplace violence, negative coping style, and perceived social support were the factors influencing MWL. Managers can employ personalised intervention strategies according to the individual characteristics of different subgroups to reduce nurses\' MWL.

BACKGROUND: Current research separately analyzed the connection between postpartum depression, fatigue, sleep and infant development. However, depression, fatigue and sleep quality often coexisted as adverse symptoms in postpartum women and influenced infant development together. This study explored the maternal postpartum symptoms on infant growth.
METHODS: Our study included 224 pairs of singleton full-term mothers and their infants who underwent routine pediatric outpatient clinics. Latent profile analysis was applied to identify the latent classes based on mothers\' postpartum depression, fatigue and sleep profile characteristics. We evaluated the maternal adverse symptoms and infant development using multivariable logistic regressions.
RESULTS: Totally, 224 pairs of eligible mothers (28.85 ± 4.43 years) and infants (30.93 ± 3.26 days) participated in this study. Latent profile analysis identified 3 latent groups: mild (58.04%), moderate (34.37%), and severe (7.59%) postpartum adverse symptoms. Postpartum adverse symptoms were associated with delayed development in the baby\'s motor level (χ2 = 6.572, p = .037) and weight-for-length (χ2 = 9.652, p = .008). After controlling for mother and infant related factors, postpartum adverse symptoms remained a risk factor for infant motor level (odds ratio [OR]: 4.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25-15.08) and weight-for-length (OR: 5.53; 95% CI: 1.55-19.74).
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal postpartum depression, fatigue and sleep quality are associated with infant development. Clinically, mothers with these symptoms should be intervened timely to avoid the aggravation of maternal symptoms, which affect baby\'s development.