这项研究调查了13种中国商业新鲜低温牛奶样品(新鲜牛奶)中十种双酚(BPs)的浓度水平,这些样品是主要的地方和国家品牌,有或没有酶水解。结果表明,在没有酶水解的情况下,在每个鲜奶样品中至少检测到两个BPs,以及各自的双酚AF(BPAF)的平均浓度,双酚B(BPB),双酚C(BPC),双酚F(BPF),双酚A(BPA),双酚S(BPS),双酚AP(BPAP),双酚PP(BPP),双酚Z(BPZ),双酚E(BPE)分别为0.73、0.61、1.86、0.87、0.42、0.11、1.06、1.42、1.5和0.04ng/mL,而他们各自的检测频率范围为23.1-92.3%。这些结果表明新鲜牛奶样品中BPs的频繁检测。用酶水解,BPAF各自的平均浓度,BPA,BPB,BPC,BPF,BPS,BPAP增加7.1-107.1%,表明酶水解长期以来被忽视的重要性。在中国,成人和儿童通过新鲜牛奶分别估计每日BPA摄入量(EDI)为32.5和37.5ng/kgbw/d,表明新鲜牛奶中的BPA是人类的重要来源。其他九个BP中有六个的平均EDI高于BPA,其中BPAP的EDI几乎是BPA的三倍,表明中国新鲜牛奶中其他BP的广泛污染。
This study investigated concentration levels of ten bisphenols (BPs) in 13 Chinese commercial fresh low temperature dairy milk samples (fresh milk) of main local and national brands with or without enzyme hydrolysis. The results showed that at least two BPs were detected in each fresh milk sample without enzyme hydrolysis and the respective mean concentrations of bisphenol AF (BPAF), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol C (BPC), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol AP (BPAP), bisphenol PP (BPP), bisphenol Z (BPZ), and bisphenol E (BPE) were 0.73, 0.61, 1.86, 0.87, 0.42, 0.11, 1.06, 1.42, 1.5, and 0.04 ng/mL, while their respective detection frequencies ranged from 23.1-92.3%. These results indicated the frequent detection of BPs in fresh milk samples. With enzyme hydrolysis, the respective mean concentrations of BPAF, BPA, BPB, BPC, BPF, BPS, and BPAP were increased 7.1-107.1%, indicating the long-ignored importance of enzyme hydrolysis. The respective average estimated daily intakes (EDIs) of BPA by adult and children in
China via fresh milk were 32.5 and 37.5 ng/kg bw/d, indicating that BPA in fresh milk was a crucial source to human. Six out of nine other BPs had higher average EDIs than that of BPA, among which the EDI of BPAP was almost three times that of BPA, suggesting the widespread contamination of other BPs in Chinese fresh milk.