姜黄,一种具有广泛药理活性的中药,是从姜黄的干燥根茎中获得的。,姜黄S.G.Lee等C.F.Liang,姜黄温玉金Y.H.Chen等C.Ling。发现半萜和姜黄素是姜黄的主要成分。倍半萜由三个异戊二烯单元组成,容易发生复杂的转化,如环化,重排,和氧化。它们是结构上最多样化的一类基于植物的天然产物,具有广泛的生物活性,并广泛存在于自然界中。近年来,国内外学者对郁金成分的结构和药理特性进行了丰富的研究。这篇文章阐明了化学结构,药用特性,和从姜黄中分离的倍半萜类化合物(共274种化合物)的生物学特性。我们总结了倍半萜类化合物的提取和分离方法,建立了姜黄中倍半萜类化学成分库,并分析了源自不同植物来源的姜黄的倍半萜类化合物之间的结构差异。此外,我们的调查揭示了各种各样的倍半萜类型,包括guaiane型,germacrane型,eudesmane型,elemane型,cadinane型,Carane型,双abolane型,humulane-type,和其他类型,强调结构多样性和活动之间的关系。希望为进一步的研究和开发提供有价值的参考,为药用植物衍生新药的开发铺平道路。
Curcumae Rhizoma, a traditional Chinese medicine with a wide range of pharmacological activities, is obtained from the dried rhizomes of
Curcuma phaeocaulis VaL.,
Curcuma kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang, and
Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling. Sesquiterpenoids and curcuminoids are found to be the main constituents of Curcumae Rhizoma. Sesquiterpenoids are composed of three isoprene units and are susceptible to complex transformations, such as cyclization, rearrangement, and oxidation. They are the most structurally diverse class of plant-based natural products with a wide range of biological activities and are widely found in nature. In recent years, scholars have conducted abundant studies on the structures and pharmacological properties of components of Curcumae Rhizoma. This article elucidates the chemical structures, medicinal properties, and biological properties of the sesquiterpenoids (a total of 274 compounds) isolated from Curcumae Rhizoma. We summarized extraction and isolation methods for sesquiterpenoids, established a chemical component library of sesquiterpenoids in Curcumae Rhizoma, and analyzed structural variances among sesquiterpenoids sourced from Curcumae Rhizoma of diverse botanical origins. Furthermore, our investigation reveals a diverse array of sesquiterpenoid types, encompassing guaiane-type, germacrane-type, eudesmane-type, elemane-type, cadinane-type, carane-type, bisabolane-type, humulane-type, and other types, emphasizing the relationship between structural diversity and activity. We hope to provide a valuable reference for further research and exploitation and pave the way for the development of new drugs derived from medicinal plants.