口腔微生物菌群失调有助于口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)的发展。许多研究都集中在OSCC患者口腔细菌微生物群的变化上。然而,对真菌微生物群的类似研究,口腔微生物群的另一个组成部分,是稀缺的。此外,在口腔癌发生的不同阶段,微生态系统在口腔不同生态位中的作用存在证据空白。这里,我们通过分析唾液来分类人类口腔中的微生物群落,牙龈斑块,和口腔癌发生不同阶段的粘膜样本。我们沿着健康-恶性肿瘤-癌序列分析了口腔细菌组和分枝杆菌组。一些物种,包括介间普雷沃氏菌,根管卟啉单胞菌,外渗肉芽肿,和烟曲霉,丰富了,而其他人,如唾液链球菌亚种。唾液,Scapharcabroughtonii,棘球孢霉,和羊肚菌,在OSCC中耗尽。这些发现表明,一系列特征物种,包括细菌和真菌,与口腔癌发生密切相关。OSCC相关的多样性差异,物种区别,在粘膜样本中功能改变最为显著,不在牙龈菌斑或唾液样本中,这表明迫切需要根据空间微生物组定义口腔癌发生相关的微生物菌群失调。重要性丰富的口腔微生物在宿主口腔环境中构成了复杂的微生态系统,在调节口腔的各种生理和病理状态中起着至关重要的作用。在这项研究中,我们证明,“核心微生物组”的变化可用于预测致癌作用。此外,从健康-癌前-癌序列中的多个口腔部位收集的样本数据增加了我们对不同口腔生态位的微生态系统及其在口腔癌变过程中的特定变化的理解。这项工作提供了有关细菌和真菌在OSCC中的作用的见解,并可能有助于早期诊断测定和新型治疗方法的开发。
Oral microbial dysbiosis contributes to the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Numerous studies have focused on variations in the oral bacterial microbiota of patients with OSCC. However, similar studies on fungal microbiota, another integral component of the oral microbiota, are scarce. Moreover, there is an evidence gap regarding the role that microecosystems play in different niches of the oral cavity at different stages of oral carcinogenesis. Here, we catalogued the microbial communities in the human oral cavity by profiling saliva, gingival plaque, and mucosal samples at different stages of oral carcinogenesis. We analyzed the oral
bacteriome and mycobiome along the health-premalignancy-carcinoma sequence. Some species, including Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Acremonium exuviarum, and Aspergillus fumigatus, were enriched, whereas others, such as Streptococcus salivarius subsp. salivarius, Scapharca broughtonii, Mortierella echinula, and Morchella septimelata, were depleted in OSCC. These findings suggest that an array of signature species, including bacteria and fungi, are closely associated with oral carcinogenesis. OSCC-associated diversity differences, species distinction, and functional alterations were most remarkable in mucosal samples, not in gingival plaque or saliva samples, suggesting an urgent need to define oral carcinogenesis-associated microbial dysbiosis based on the spatial microbiome. IMPORTANCE Abundant oral microorganisms constitute a complex microecosystem within the oral environment of the host, which plays a critical role in the adjustment of various physiological and pathological states of the oral cavity. In this study, we demonstrated that variations in the \"core microbiome\" may be used to predict carcinogenesis. In addition, sample data collected from multiple oral sites along the health-premalignancy-carcinoma sequence increase our understanding of the microecosystems of different oral niches and their specific changes during oral carcinogenesis. This work provides insight into the roles of bacteria and fungi in OSCC and may contribute to the development of early diagnostic assays and novel treatments.