室内灰尘颗粒是人类每天接触微生物的来源,它们的吸入可能直接影响呼吸道的微生物群。我们旨在表征短期暴露于室内(工作场所)环境后人类鼻咽细菌组的变化。
在这项试点研究中,22名参与者在早上和工作场所8小时后的鼻咽拭子被取走。在同一时间点,室内灰尘样本是从参与者的家庭(16个来自公寓,6个来自房屋)和工作场所(8个来自妇产医院-NEO,6来自儿科医院-耳鼻喉科,和8来自研究中心-RCX)。对这些人类和环境基质进行16SrRNA测序分析。
葡萄球菌和棒状杆菌是室内灰尘和鼻咽样品中最丰富的属。分析表明,与房屋相比,来自公寓的室内灰尘样品中的细菌多样性较低,NEO,ENT,和RCX(p<0.05)。在所有组中,在NEO工作的参与者的鼻咽细菌多样性最高(p<0.05)。暴露于工作场所环境8小时后,在76%的研究参与者中观察到鼻咽部富含室内灰尘中存在的几种新细菌属;然而,在鼻咽部细菌多样性水平上没有观察到显著变化(p>0.05,Shannon指数)。这些“富集”细菌属在医院工作场所NEO和ENT之间重叠,但与研究中心RCX不同。
结果表明,尽管鼻咽细菌组的组成在白天相对稳定。短期暴露于室内环境会导致鼻咽部富含来自室内灰尘的细菌DNA;细菌成分,然而,因室内工作环境而异。
Indoor dust particles are an everyday source of human exposure to microorganisms and their inhalation may directly affect the microbiota of the respiratory tract. We aimed to characterize the changes in human nasopharyngeal
bacteriome after short-term exposure to indoor (workplace) environments.
In this pilot
study, nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from 22 participants in the morning and after 8 h of their presence at the workplace. At the same time points, indoor dust samples were collected from the participants\' households (16 from flats and 6 from houses) and workplaces (8 from a maternity hospital - NEO, 6 from a pediatric hospital - ENT, and 8 from a research center - RCX). 16S rRNA sequencing analysis was performed on these human and environmental matrices.
Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium were the most abundant genera in both indoor dust and nasopharyngeal samples. The analysis indicated lower bacterial diversity in indoor dust samples from flats compared to houses, NEO, ENT, and RCX (p < 0.05). Participants working in the NEO had the highest nasopharyngeal bacterial diversity of all groups (p < 0.05). After 8 h of exposure to the workplace environment, enrichment of the nasopharynx with several new bacterial genera present in the indoor dust was observed in 76% of
study participants; however, no significant changes were observed at the level of the nasopharyngeal bacterial diversity (p > 0.05, Shannon index). These \"enriching\" bacterial genera overlapped between the hospital workplaces - NEO and ENT but differed from those in the research center - RCX.
The results suggest that although the composition of nasopharyngeal
bacteriome is relatively stable during the day. Short-term exposure to the indoor environment can result in the enrichment of the nasopharynx with bacterial DNA from indoor dust; the bacterial composition, however, varies by the indoor workplace environment.