Xylene has the potential to cause nervous system disturbances since it is a lipophilic substance with high affinity for lipid-rich tissue, such as the brain. Involvement in the spinal cord, especially long segmental spinal cord lesions that permeate almost the entire cervical and thoracic spinal cord, is extremely rare. We report two cases of occupational exposure to excessive xylene, both of which presented with severe and rapidly progressive numbness and weakness in the limbs that, more importantly, led to poor outcomes: one died and the other was left severely disabled. In both, spinal magnetic resonance imaging showed long segmental lesions in the cervicothoracic spinal cord. These findings may provide some insights into the effects of xylene as an isolated agent on the spinal cord injury.

This article reports a poisoning case after occupational exposure to toluene, xylene, and ethylbenzene for 3 days. The main clinical manifestation of the patient was consciousness disorder. After dehydration, cerebral awakening, anti-epileptic and anti-myoclonic treatment, the patient had secondary epilepsy and cerebellar ataxia for a long time. According to diagnostic criteria, the patient was diagnosed with occupational acute chemical poisoning (severe) , occupational acute chemical poisoning sequelae. It is suggested that the clinical awareness of benzene compound poisoning should be strengthened, early diagnosis and early treatment should be carried out to improve the prognosis of patients.
本文报道1例职业性接触甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯3 d后中毒病例。患者以意识障碍为主要临床表现，经脱水、醒脑、抗癫痫及抗肌阵挛等治疗后，长期遗留有继发性癫痫及小脑共济失调。根据标准诊断患者为职业性急性化学物中毒（重度）、职业性急性化学物中毒后遗症。提示临床应加强对苯类化合物中毒的认识，早诊断、早治疗，以改善患者预后。.

UNASSIGNED: We treated a patient who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome following ingestion of oxadiazon/butachlor emulsion. In this case, we continuously measured matrix metalloproteinase-1 level, an enzyme that reduces the extracellular matrix in the lungs, and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1.
UNASSIGNED: A 50-year-old woman attempted suicide by ingesting approximately 300 mL of oxadiazon/butachlor emulsion. Respiratory disorders were observed upon admission, therefore tracheal intubation was performed, followed by artificial respiratory management (ventilator support). After that, her condition became complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome, but it improved with intensive care management. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 level showed a course opposite to the partial pressure of arterial oxygen/percentage of inspired oxygen ratio, whereas the matrix metalloproteinase-1/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 ratio changed in parallel with the partial pressure of arterial oxygen/percentage of inspired oxygen ratio.
UNASSIGNED: The relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 was presumed to be important for the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Brazilian gas station workers are chronically exposed to benzene, toluene, xylene (BTX) during their working time. Describe below two cases of latin female gas station workers with benzene poisoning symptoms and miscarriage history.
METHODS: In both cases were identified complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCR) with fluorescence in situ hybridization, applied to whole chromosome paints by chromosomes 1, 2 and 4. The lower natural killer cell (NK) cells have also been observed in cases correspondents, especially the rare type of NK (NKbright) in their peripheral blood cells.
CONCLUSIONS: It is known that acquired chromosomal aberrations are positively correlated with cancer and reproductive risk. In concordance, lower NK cytotoxicity increases the risk for cancer, as well. Thus, this is the first study providing hints on a possible causative relation of lower NK cytotoxicity and increase rates of chromosomal rearrangements including CCRs.

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