了解野猪非洲猪瘟(ASF)的临床病理形态,掌握目前流行的ASF病毒分离株的生物学特性的基本知识至关重要。这项工作的目的是建立一个准确,全面的组织病理学分级系统,以规范野猪ASF病变的评估。该研究评估了通过肌内(IM)(n=6)和接触感染(n=12)途径感染高毒力基因型II分离株(Arm07)(HVI)的动物之间的差异,与那些口服感染低毒力分离株(Lv17/WB/Riel)(LVI)(n=6)。评估包括临床(CS),宏观(MS),和组织病理学(HS)评分,以及通过实时定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)在血液和组织中的病毒载量。检查的组织包括皮肤,淋巴结,骨髓,腭扁桃体,肺,脾,脾肝脏,肾脏,胸腺,心,肾上腺,胰腺,膀胱,大脑,胃肠道和生殖道。HVI组表现出100%的死亡率,CS升高,MS,和HS值。通过接触感染的动物(CS=12;MS=58.5;HS=112)和肌内感染的动物(CS=14.8;MS=47;HS=104)表现出相似的值,表明感染途径并不能决定性地影响临床和病理体征的严重程度。LVI组的死亡率为0%,一种不起眼的临床形式,微小病变(CS=0;MS=12;HS=29),和较低的病毒载量。组织病理学评估已被证明对提高我们对野猪ASF发病机理的理解很有价值,并为进一步研究疫苗接种动物的保护机制奠定了基础。
To understand the clinicopathological forms of African swine fever (ASF) in wild boar, it is crucial to possess a basic knowledge of the biological characteristics of the currently circulating ASF virus isolates. The aim of this work is to establish an accurate and comprehensive histopathologic grading system to standardize the assessment of the ASF lesions in wild boar. The study evaluated the differences between animals infected with a high virulence genotype II isolate (Arm07) (HVI) through intramuscular (IM) (n = 6) and contact-infected (n = 12) routes, alongside those orally infected with a low virulence isolate (Lv17/WB/Riel) (LVI) (n = 6). The assessment included clinical (CS), macroscopic (MS), and histopathologic (HS) scores, as well as viral loads in blood and tissues by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Tissues examined included skin, lymph nodes, bone marrow, palatine tonsil, lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys, thymus, heart, adrenal glands, pancreas, urinary bladder, brain, and gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts. The HVI group exhibited a 100% mortality rate with elevated CS, MS, and HS values. Animals infected by contact (CS = 12; MS = 58.5; HS = 112) and those intramuscularly infected (CS = 14.8; MS = 47; HS = 104) demonstrated similar values, indicating that the route of infection does not decisively influence the severity of clinical and pathological signs. The LVI group showed a 0% mortality rate, an inconspicuous clinical form, minimal lesions (CS = 0; MS = 12; HS = 29), and a lower viral load. Histopathologic evaluation has proven valuable in advancing our comprehension of ASF pathogenesis in wild boar and paves the groundwork for further research investigating protective mechanisms in vaccinated animals.