目标:近年来,造成滋扰和伤害的人与野生动物冲突(HWC)正在成为全球范围内日益增长的公共卫生问题。我们的目标是研究人口概况,伤害方式,损伤模式,以及野生动物袭击受害者的结果提交给急诊室。
方法:这项回顾性横断面研究是在印度东部一家三级医院的急诊科进行的。数据是从2017年5月至2021年5月的医疗记录中检索的。本研究包括所有年龄和性别的野生动物攻击和二次伤害的患者。数据不完整的患者,由于流浪和家畜的袭击而造成的伤害以及由于其他原因造成的创伤被排除在外。人口概况,伤害方式,伤害的模式,损伤严重程度评分(ISS),放射学模式,并记录结果。用R进行统计分析(版本3.6.1。)进行了。
结果:共研究了411名野生动物袭击受害者,其中蛇咬伤374例(90.9%),野生哺乳动物(WM)攻击伤37例(9.1%)。WM袭击受害者的平均年龄是46岁,男女比例为4:1。大象攻击伤(40.5%)是最常见的WM攻击伤。大多数WM攻击(43.2%)发生在凌晨4:00至上午8:00之间。ISS中位数为18.5(13-28),其中54.2%的患者患有多发性创伤(ISS>15)。大象攻击与更高的国际空间站有关,但与其他动物类型相比差异不显著(p=0.2)。钝性创伤是大象攻击伤害病例中常见的伤害模式。撕裂和软组织损伤是其他动物攻击的常见模式。在蛇咬伤中,神经毒性是最常见的类型(55.4%),下肢是最常见的累及部位。
结论:年轻男性群体是HWC的主要受害者;大象是最常见的动物。有必要为HWC设计科学合理的预防战略,并加强卫生机构的准备工作,以有效管理受害者。
OBJECTIVE: The human-wildlife conflicts (HWCs) causing nuisances and injuries are becoming a growing public health concern over recent years worldwide. We aimed to
study the demographic profile, mode of injury, pattern of injury, and outcome of wild animal attack victims presented to the emergency department.
METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional
study was conducted in the emergency department of a tertiary-care hospital in Eastern India. Data were retrieved from the medical records from May 2017 to May 2021. Patients of all ages and genders attacked by wild animals and secondary injuries were included in this
study. Patients with incomplete data, injuries due to the attack of stray and domestic animals and trauma due to other causes were excluded. Demographic profile, mode of injury, the pattern of injury, injury severity score (ISS), radiological pattern, and outcome were recorded. Statistical analysis with R (version 3.6.1.) was conducted.
RESULTS: A total of 411 wild animal attack victims were studied, of which 374 (90.9%) were snakebite injuries and 37 (9.1%) were wild mammalian (WM) attack injuries. The mean age of WM attack victims was 46 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 4:1. Elephant attack injury (40.5%) was the most common WM attack injury reported. Most WM attacks (43.2%) occurred between 4:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m. The median ISS was 18.5 (13-28), where 54.2% of patients had polytrauma (ISS>15). Elephant attack was associated with a higher ISS, but the difference was not significant compared to other animal types (p = 0.2). Blunt trauma was common pattern of injury in the elephant attack injury cases. Lacerations and soft tissue injuries were common patterns in other animal attacks. Among snakebites, neurotoxic was the most common type (55.4%), and lower extremity was the most common site involved.
CONCLUSIONS: The young male population is the major victim of HWCs; and elephant is the most common animal involved. There is a need to design scientifically sound preventive strategies for HWCs and to strengthen the preparedness in health establishments to manage victims effectively.