微孢子虫是一种形成孢子的细胞内病原体,在世界范围内流行,在人类和动物中引起新的感染。肠孢子虫是一种人畜共患的微孢子虫,占人类和动物微孢子虫病病例的90%以上。猪和野猪是微孢子虫的重要动物库。因此,我们旨在通过一套系统评价和荟萃分析(PRISMA)指南,估计猪和野猪中微孢子虫的全球流行率和E.bieneusi遗传多样性.
四个数据库(WebofScience,PubMed,Scopus和GoogleScholar)在2000年1月1日至2021年4月30日之间进行了搜索。关于荟萃分析,随机效应模型采用森林地块,置信区间95%(CI).
排除不相关文章并删除重复后,33篇论文,包括34个数据集(30个数据集用于家猪和4个数据集用于野猪)最终符合纳入标准进行荟萃分析。家猪和野猪微孢子虫感染的合并患病率分别为37.6%(95%CI:30.8-44.9%)和8.1%(95%CI:2.1-26.8%),分别。同时,在家猪中,E.bieneusi的合并患病率为35%(95%CI:28.4-42.2%),在野猪中为10.1%(95%CI:1.7-42.4%).基因型EbpA是家猪和野猪中报道最多的基因型。雄性动物的微孢子虫感染率高于雌性动物(27vs.17.4%,OR=1.91;95%CI,0.77-4.71%)。
这项研究表明,家猪和野猪作为微孢子虫的动物宿主的重要作用。因此,应在猪和野猪中设计控制和预防这些人畜共患病原体的策略。
Microsporidia are spore-forming intracellular pathogens with worldwide prevalence, causing emerging infections in humans and animals. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a zoonotic species of microsporidia and is responsible for more than 90% of cases of microsporidiosis in humans and animals. Pigs and wild boars are important animal reservoirs of microsporidia. Hence, we aimed to estimate the global prevalence of microsporidia and genetic diversity of E. bieneusi in pigs and wild boars through a set of systematic
review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.
Four databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar) were searched between January 1, 2000 and April 30, 2021. Regarding meta-analysis, the random-effect model was employed by forest plot with 95% confidence interval (CI).
After exclusion of irrelevant articles and duplication removal, 33 papers, including 34 datasets (30 datasets for domestic pigs and 4 for wild boars) finally meet the inclusion criteria to undergo meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence rates of microsporidia infection in domestic pigs and wild boars were 37.6% (95% CI: 30.8-44.9%) and 8.1% (95% CI: 2.1-26.8%), respectively. While, the pooled prevalence rates of E. bieneusi were 35% (95% CI: 28.4-42.2%) in domestic pigs and 10.1% (95% CI: 1.7-42.4%) in wild boars. The genotypes EbpA was the most reported genotype in domestic pigs and wild boars. Male animals had higher prevalence rates of microsporidia infection than females (27 vs. 17.4%, OR = 1.91; 95% CI, 0.77-4.71%).
This study indicates the important role of domestic pigs and wild boars as animal reservoir hosts of microsporidia. Thereby, strategies for control and prevention of these zoonotic pathogens should be designed in pigs and wild boars.