We report a case of a 62-year-old man who presented with blurred and distorted vision in both eyes. Fundus examination revealed a fibrous band-like membrane emanating from the disc to the foveal center in the right eye, aneurysmal gray parafoveal lesions in both eyes, and an inferotemporal peripheral vascular tumor in the right eye. The presence of an epiretinal membrane with vitreomacular traction in this patient has led to the diagnosis of an incidental peripheral vascular tumor. To our knowledge, there are no reports describing an association between macular telangiectasia type 2 and epiretinal membrane formation with vitreomacular traction due to a vasoproliferative tumor.

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of cystoid macular edema, uveitis, and vitreomacular traction in a patient with a history of breast cancer and taking anastrozole.
METHODS: A 73-year-old female with a history of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and treatment with anastrozole presented with bilateral blurry vision, photophobia, and eye soreness. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of both maculae revealed vitreomacular traction (VMT), an epiretinal membrane, cystoid macular edema (CME) in the right eye, and drusen without subretinal fluid bilaterally. Although later, macular OCT did show evidence of cystoid intraretinal spaces in the left eye as well. Fluorescein angiography showed bilateral petaloid leakage, bilateral slow disc leaking, as well as peripheral leakage in the right eye. Anastrozole was discontinued and, subsequent macular OCT showed release of VMT in the right eye, and eventual resolution of intraretinal cystoid spaces bilaterally.
CONCLUSIONS: Stopping of anastrozole was associated in resolution of refractory CME in a patient on aromatase inhibitor therapy for breast cancer. It is therefore important to consider anastrozole and other aromatase inhibitor drugs as possible factors predisposing patients to the development of CME.

A pseudophakic female patient, 80 years of age, presented with a vitreomacular traction and foveal detachment at her right eye. To avoid development of a full-thickness macular hole during surgery, foveal-sparing ILM peeling was performed. After surgery, distance-corrected visual acuity increased from 0.3 to 0.6 (Snellen) 3 months after surgery and fovea was re-attached again with restoration of the retinal layers.

BACKGROUND: To describe a case of recurrent vitreomacular traction and macular edema that appeared both before and after the intravitreal injection of ocriplasmin.
METHODS: An 82-year-old monocular man presented with metamorphopsia and reduced vision of 1-week duration. The patient\'s general medical history was unremarkable. His ophthalmic history was significant for severe ocular trauma in the right eye in childhood that caused phthisis. The left eye had undergone uncomplicated phacoemulsification 3 months earlier and the 1-month postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was logarithmic mean angle of resolution (logMAR) 0.0. There was no history of other ocular conditions. At presentation, BCVA was logMAR 0.2 and optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed the presence of cystoid macular edema caused by vitreomacular traction (VMT). The patient was scheduled for intravitreal ocriplasmin injection. Prior to treatment, the vision improved spontaneously to logMAR 0.1, and no VMT could be detected with spectral domain (SD)-OCT. The ocriplasmin injection was deferred but 3 weeks later the patient presented again with metamorphopsia, while VMT was again evident on SD-OCT. Ocriplasmin was injected and 1 month later the BCVA reached logMAR 0.1 without VMT. However, at 2 months post injection the VMT reappeared and a conservative approach with observation and topical nepafenac administration was decided. At the 3-month post-injection visit there was no VMT. More than 3 years after the ocriplasmin injection there is still no evidence of VMT, the patient is free of metamorphopsia, and his BCVA is logMAR 0.0.
CONCLUSIONS: Separation of consecutive layers of the vitreous cortex (vitreoschisis) may account for recurrent VMT.

This is a case of toxoplasmosis retinochoroiditis which has resulted in the formation of vitreomacular traction upon resolution which is rarely associated with ocular toxoplasmosis. A 39-year-old male came with an active toxoplasmosis retinochoroiditis. Best-corrected visual acuity, full ophthalmic slitlamp examination, colour fundus photography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and fluorescein angiography were performed. Presumed ocular toxoplasmosis diagnosis was supported by serological tests. The patient was treated medically for 45 days and on his follow up he developed macular traction which was shown in SD-OCT with a good visual acuity. Vitreoretinal traction is a rare complication of ocular toxoplasmosis and ranges from mild to severe traction which might require surgery. We suggest a close follow up for patients with toxoplasmosis retinochoroiditis and early recognition could avoid exposing patients to surgery.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess the efficacy of a single intravitreal perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas injection for the treatment of vitreomacular traction with or without a macular hole.
METHODS: In this retrospective case series, seven eyes of six patients with symptomatic vitreomacular traction documented on optical coherence tomography, one with a macular hole additionally, received a single intravitreal C3F8 gas injection of up to 0.3 ml. The primary endpoint was vitreomacular traction release at 1 month after injection. Secondary endpoints included resolution of vitreomacular adhesion within 6 months, nonsurgical closure of macular holes, and change in central foveal thickness and best-corrected visual acuity.
RESULTS: Overall, on optical coherence tomography, six of seven eyes (85.7%) had release of vitreomacular traction during the entire study duration: three within 1 month of injection and the other three within 6 months. Of the latter group, two of the three eyes showed a concurrent epiretinal membrane and one concurrent diabetic retino- and maculopathy. The patient with a macular hole had resolution of vitreomacular traction within 1 month but had to undergo vitrectomy because of nonclosure of the macular hole. Associated adverse events were macular edema with a consequent lamellar hole after injection in one patient, and another patient developed retinal detachment.
CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal C3F8gas injection is an inexpensive and promising minimally invasive option for the treatment of symptomatic and persistent vitreomacular traction with or without a macular hole. Further larger studies, especially comparing C3F8 gas injection with other treatment options, are needed.
UNASSIGNED: Ziel der vorliegenden Fallserie war es, die Wirksamkeit einer einmaligen intravitrealen Applikation von Perfluoropropangas (C3F8) für die Behandlung der vitreomakulären Traktion mit oder ohne Makulaloch zu beurteilen.
METHODS: In dieser retrospektiven Fallserie bekamen 7 Augen von 6 Patienten mit einer symptomatischen vitreomakulären Traktion in der optischen Kohärenztomographie, eine davon mit zusätzlich einem Makulaloch, eine einmalige intravitreale C3F8-Gasinjektion von bis zu 0,3 ml. Der primäre Endpunkt war die Lösung der vitreomakulären Traktion einen Monat nach der Injektion. Die sekundären Endpunkte beinhalteten die Lösung der vitreomakulären Traktion innerhalb von 6 Monaten, die Verschließung eines Makulalochs ohne weitere vitreoretinale Intervention, Veränderungen in der zentralen fovealen Dicke und der Sehschärfe.
UNASSIGNED: Insgesamt bestand bei 6 von 7 Augen (85,7 %) eine mit optischer Kohärenztomographie dokumentierte Lösung der vitreomakulären Traktion; 3 innerhalb eines Monats und 3 weitere innerhalb eines halben Jahres. Von den Letzteren wiesen 2 der 3 Augen gleichzeitig eine epiretinale Membran auf und eines eine simultane diabetische Retino- und Makulopathie. Der Patient mit einem Makulaloch zeigte innerhalb eines Monats eine vitreomakuläre Traktionslösung, musste sich jedoch wegen Persistenz des Makulalochs einer Vitrektromie unterziehen. Assoziierte unerwünschte Ereignisse waren ein Makulaödem mit einem Schichtloch nach der Injektion bei einem Patienten und eine Netzhautablösung bei einem anderen Patienten.
UNASSIGNED: Die intravitreale Gasinjektion mit C3F8-Gas ist eine kostengünstige und vielversprechende minimalinvasive Option für die Behandlung von symptomatischer vitreomakulärer Traktion mit oder ohne Makulaloch. Weitere größere Studien, in der v. a. die C3F8-Gasinjektion mit anderen Therapieoptionen verglichen wird, sind erforderlich.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of intravitreal injection of ocriplasmin (JETREA®) in the treatment of vitreomacular traction (VMT).
METHODS: An 81-year-old man with VMT associated with central retinal vein occlusion in his left eye, was treated with a single intravitreal injection of ocriplasmin (25 μg). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ocular fundus, and optical coherence tomography were examined before and after treatment.
RESULTS: Complete release of VMT produced a reduction of central macular thickness, ranging from 459 to 141 μm. BCVA remained stable.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of ocriplasmin was effective in the treatment of VMT. Ocriplasmin represents a valid alternative to conventional pars plana vitrectomy.

OBJECTIVE: It was the aim of this study to report a case of a vitreomacular traction-associated macular microhole (MMH) in an eye with focal choroidal excavation (FCE) detected by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
METHODS: A 38-year-old Japanese female presented to our clinic complaining of metamorphopsia in her left eye. The patient then underwent SD-OCT as well as a routine ophthalmological examination. She had a previous history of a macular hole in her right eye that had been successfully treated by pars plana vitrectomy.
RESULTS: Upon initial examination, her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 in the left eye with a refractive error of -10.25 diopters. Examination by SD-OCT revealed an MMH with an outer retinal defect adjacent to the FCE. SD-OCT also revealed an intraretinal cystoid space in the macula with vitreous attachment around the foveal center.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this report show that variable changes are likely to be associated with FCE. However, the etiology of FCE has yet to be fully elucidated and careful observation is necessary in cases of FCE.

Three patients had unilateral vitreomacular traction (VMT) syndrome and the diagnosis was confirmed by spectral domain-type optical coherence tomography (OCT). All patients were female aged 51, 55 and 62 years. All denied surgical intervention. In one patient, rapid spontaneous resolution of the vitreomacular traction with a complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and a normal foveal contour was achieved within 15 days. In the remaining two cases a complete PVD could be detected as late as seven months after the initial presentation. In one, though the vitreomacular adhesion released spontaneously, there was a minimal residual epiretinal membrane. In all three eyes, visual acuity was considerably improved. Spontaneous, uneventful resolution has been rarely reported in the natural course of VMT but several recent studies with the aid of OCT have shown that spontaneous resolution might be more common than previously known. In light of our cases, we believe that there is still room to search for OCT clues in eyes with VMT to predict eyes with higher likelihood of spontaneous resolution, thereby avoiding unnecessary pharmacologic and/or surgical intervention.