背景:肝细胞癌(HCC)是最普遍的原发性肝癌,是全球癌症相关死亡率最高的肝癌之一。早期诊断对于改善治疗选择和降低疾病相关死亡率至关重要。
目的:探讨血清N-糖组学作为HCC的诊断标志物。
方法:我们在PubMed中进行了全面的搜索,EMBASE,WebofScience和Scopus至2023年8月17日。合格的研究评估了血清N-糖组学作为HCC诊断生物标志物的潜在用途。研究选择,数据提取和质量评估由两名独立审阅者进行.
结果:在包括的48篇文章中,11评估了N-糖组学在整个血清中诊断HCC的效用,而其余文章则集中在特定的蛋白质糖型或蛋白质水平上。在这些特定的蛋白质中,触珠蛋白,甲胎蛋白(AFP),激肽原(Kin),α-1-抗胰蛋白酶和高尔基体蛋白73(GP73)是研究最频繁的。与对照相比,在HCC患者中呈现作为糖蛋白的最普遍的翻译后修饰的岩藻糖基化和分支水平的增加。值得注意的是,基于糖组学的生物标志物可能为早期HCC的诊断提供临床益处,因为几种算法的AUC在0.92-0.97之间。然而,这些研究基于样本量有限的单一研究,因此应进行验证.
结论:血清N-糖组学的改变,以岩藻糖基化和分支水平增加为特征,具有作为HCC诊断生物标志物的潜力。优化研究设计,在临床实施之前,需要患者选择和分析技术。
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver cancer with one of the highest cancer-related mortality rates worldwide. Early diagnosis is crucial for improving the therapeutic options and reducing the disease-related mortality.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate serum N-glycomics as diagnostic markers for HCC.
METHODS: We performed a comprehensive search in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Scopus through August 17, 2023. Eligible studies assessed the potential use of serum N-glycomics as diagnostic biomarkers for HCC. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers.
RESULTS: Of the 48 articles included, 11 evaluated the utility of N-glycomics for the diagnosis of HCC in whole serum while the remaining articles focused on specific protein glycoforms or protein levels. Of these specific proteins, haptoglobin, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), kininogen (Kin), α-1-antitrypsin and Golgi protein 73 (GP73) were the most frequently studied. Increased levels of fucosylation and branching presented as the most prevalent post-translational modifications of glycoproteins in patients with HCC compared to controls. Notably, glycomics-based biomarkers may provide a clinical benefit for the diagnosis of early HCC, as several algorithms achieved AUCs between 0.92-0.97. However, these were based on single studies with limited sample sizes and should therefore be validated.
CONCLUSIONS: Alterations in serum N-glycomics, characterised by increased levels of fucosylation and branching, have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for HCC. Optimisation of study design, patient selection and analysing techniques are needed before clinical implementation will be possible.