背景:瑞典的政策规定,老年人应该能够安全地衰老并持续独立并过上积极的生活。然而,这在不同的瑞典城市中表现不同,这取决于人口变化的程度,全球化,和城市化。国际上,生活在贫困地区的老年人身心健康更差,活动限制,减少预期寿命。在瑞典,关于贫困地区如何影响老年人生活质量的研究几乎不存在。我们认为,城市和农村都存在贫困地区。
目的:我们旨在调查老年人的家庭和社区如何影响他们的社区参与,生活质量,身份,属于瑞典的城市和农村贫困地区,以及老年人在过渡社区中如何体验这些人与环境的动态。
方法:该研究具有混合方法设计,包括3个阶段。将包括居住在瑞典南部某些城市和农村贫困地区的65岁及以上的成年人。第一阶段是一项访谈研究,其中收集了关于邻里依恋的定性数据,身份,并通过对40名受试者的半结构化访谈和照片启发访谈来归属。使用各种定性数据分析程序。在第二阶段,将进行一项调查研究,以探索住房和邻里的可观察和自我评估方面之间的关联(物理,社会,和情感),参与,和生活质量;将招募400名受试者,并将其添加到40名第一阶段受试者中,共440名。调查将包括标准化措施和具体研究问题。调查数据将通过主流统计分析和结构方程模型进行分析,以了解生活质量之间的相互作用,家庭和邻里因素,和社会人口因素。在第三阶段,整合研究,来自参与两个数据收集的40名参与者的调查数据将与定性数据一起使用混合方法分析方法进行分析。
结果:截至本方案提交(2022年8月),面试研究的招聘已经完成(N=39),在调查研究中招募了267名参与者并完成了数据收集.我们预计招聘和数据收集将于2022年12月完成。
结论:随着老年人比例的增加,越来越多的贫困地区,在超过50%的瑞典城市中,抚养比率不断上升,这些城市正在转型,越来越隔离。这项研究将增加对弱势群体中老年人的独特知识,并加深对以后生活中住房和健康动态的了解。Further,当前研究的设计将允许未来的后续研究,以促进在社会转型背景下对衰老进行纵向分析(如果获得资助)。
UNASSIGNED:DERR1-10.2196/41255。
BACKGROUND: Swedish policy states that older adults should be able to age safely with continued independence and lead active lives. However, this plays out differently in different Swedish municipalities depending upon degree of demographic change, globalization, and urbanization. Internationally, older adults living in disadvantaged areas have worse physical and mental health, activity restrictions, and reduced life expectancy. In Sweden, research on how disadvantaged areas impact older adults\' quality of life is virtually nonexistent. We argue that disadvantaged areas exist in both urban and rural contexts.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate how older adults\' homes and neighborhoods influence their community participation, quality of life, identity, and belonging in urban and rural disadvantaged areas in Sweden, and how these person-context dynamics are experienced by older adults in transitioning neighborhoods.
METHODS: The
study has a mixed methods design and includes 3 phases. Adults 65 years and older living in certain urban and rural disadvantaged areas in the south of Sweden will be included. Phase 1 is an interview study in which qualitative data are collected on neighborhood attachment, identity, and belonging through semistructured interviews and photo-elicitation interviews with 40 subjects. A variety of qualitative data analysis procedures are used. In phase 2, a survey
study will be conducted to explore associations between observable and self-rated aspects of housing and neighborhood (physical, social, and emotional), participation, and quality of life; 400 subjects will be recruited and added to the 40 phase-1 subjects for a total of 440. The survey will include standardized measures and
study-specific questions. Survey data will be analyzed with mainstream statistical analyses and structural equation modeling to understand the interactions between quality of life, home and neighborhood factors, and sociodemographic factors. In phase 3, the integration
study, survey data from the 40 participants who participated in both data collections will be analyzed together with qualitative data with a mixed methods analysis approach.
RESULTS: As of the submission of this protocol (August 2022), recruitment for the interview study is complete (N=39), and 267 participants have been recruited and have completed data collection in the survey study. We expect recruitment and data collection to be finalized by December 2022.
CONCLUSIONS: With an increasing proportion of older adults, an increasing number of disadvantaged areas, and an increasing dependency ratio in more than 50% of Swedish municipalities, these municipalities are transforming and becoming increasingly segregated. This
study will add unique knowledge on what it is like to be older in a disadvantaged area and deepen knowledge on housing and health dynamics in later life. Further, the design of the current study will allow future follow-up studies to facilitate longitudinal analysis (if funding is granted) on aging in a transforming societal context.
UNASSIGNED: DERR1-10.2196/41255.