长COVID不成比例地影响绝经前妇女,但相对较少研究研究长COVID对女性生殖健康的影响。我们对文献进行了回顾,这些文献记录了LongCOVID对女性生殖健康的影响,其中可能包括月经周期的中断,性腺功能,卵巢充足,更年期,和生育能力,以及月经周围的症状恶化。鉴于研究有限,我们还回顾了重叠和相关疾病对生殖健康的影响,包括肌痛性脑脊髓炎/慢性疲劳综合征(ME/CFS),体位性心动过速综合征(POTS),结缔组织疾病,如Ehlers-Danlos综合征(EDS),子宫内膜异位症,因为这些疾病可能有助于阐明长型COVID的生殖健康状况。这些相关的疾病,患者70%-80%是女性,痛经的发生率增加,闭经,月经少发,性交困难,子宫内膜异位症,不孕症,外阴痛,经期出血,卵巢囊肿,子宫肌瘤和出血,盆腔淤血综合征,妇科手术,和不良妊娠并发症,如先兆子痫,孕产妇死亡率,和早产。此外,在长COVID和相关疾病中,症状会受到月经周期的影响,怀孕,和更年期。在文献综述的基础上,我们提出了LongCOVID未来研究和生殖保健的优先事项。这些措施包括筛查长型COVID患者的合并症和相关疾病;研究月经周期的影响,怀孕,以及更年期对症状和疾病进展的影响;揭示性别差异和性激素在长型COVID和相关疾病中的作用;解决历史研究和医疗保健不平等现象,这些现象导致了这一患者人群的有害知识差距。
Long COVID disproportionately affects premenopausal women, but relatively few studies have examined Long COVID\'s impact on female reproductive health. We conduct a
review of the literature documenting the female reproductive health impacts of Long COVID which may include disruptions to the menstrual cycle, gonadal function, ovarian sufficiency, menopause, and fertility, as well as symptom exacerbation around menstruation. Given limited research, we also
review the reproductive health impacts of overlapping and associated illnesses including myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), connective tissue disorders like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), and endometriosis, as these illnesses may help to elucidate reproductive health conditions in Long COVID. These associated illnesses, whose patients are 70%-80% women, have increased rates of dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, dyspareunia, endometriosis, infertility, vulvodynia, intermenstrual bleeding, ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids and bleeding, pelvic congestion syndrome, gynecological surgeries, and adverse pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, maternal mortality, and premature birth. Additionally, in Long COVID and associated illnesses, symptoms can be impacted by the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause. We propose priorities for future research and reproductive healthcare in Long COVID based on a
review of the literature. These include screening Long COVID patients for comorbid and associated conditions; studying the impacts of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and menopause on symptoms and illness progression; uncovering the role of sex differences and sex hormones in Long COVID and associated illnesses; and addressing historical research and healthcare inequities that have contributed to detrimental knowledge gaps for this patient population.