许多研究表明,个体接触邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)或多环芳烃(PAHs)会影响妊娠结局。然而,PAEs和PAHs的联合暴露呈现出更现实的情况,PAEs和PAHs对胎龄和新生儿大小的联合影响的研究仍然有限。本研究旨在评估PAEs和PAHs联合暴露对新生儿胎龄和出生大小的影响。从中国遵义出生队列中1030名妇女在怀孕初期的尿液样本中测量了9种PAE和10种PAH代谢物的水平。各种统计模型,包括线性回归,受限三次样条,贝叶斯核机回归,和分位数g计算,被用来研究个体效应,剂量-反应关系,和综合效果,分别。这项前瞻性研究的结果表明,邻苯二甲酸单乙酯(MEP)的浓度每增加10倍,2-羟基萘(2-OHNap),2-羟基菲(2-OHPhe),和1-羟基芘(1-OHPyr)降低胎龄1.033天(95%CI:-1.748,-0.319),0.647天(95%CI:-1.076,-0.219),0.845天(95%CI:-1.430,-0.260),和0.888天(95%CI:-1.398,-0.378),分别。此外,当MEP的浓度,2-OHNap,2-OHPhe,1-OHPyr超过0.528、0.039、0.012和0.002µg/gCr,分别,胎龄以剂量反应方式降低。在分析选定的PAE和PAH代谢物作为混合物后,我们发现它们与胎龄显著负相关,出生体重,和黄体指数,1-OHPyr是最重要的贡献者。这些发现强调了单独和联合暴露于PAEs和PAHs对胎龄的不利影响。因此,未来样本量较大的纵向队列研究应跨不同地理区域和种族进行,以确认PAEs和PAHs联合暴露对出生结局的影响.
Many studies have indicated that individual exposure to phthalates (PAEs) or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) affects pregnancy outcomes. However, combined exposure to PAEs and PAHs presents a more realistic situation, and research on the combined effects of PAEs and PAHs on gestational age and newborn size is still limited. This
study aimed to assess the effects of combined exposure to PAEs and PAHs on neonatal gestational age and birth size. Levels of 9 PAE and 10 PAH metabolites were measured from the urine samples of 1030 women during early pregnancy from the Zunyi Birth Cohort in China. Various statistical models, including linear regression, restricted cubic spline, Bayesian kernel machine regression, and quantile g-computation, were used to
study the individual effects, dose-response relationships, and combined effects, respectively. The results of this prospective
study revealed that each ten-fold increase in the concentration of monoethyl phthalate (MEP), 2-hydroxynaphthalene (2-OHNap), 2-hydroxyphenanthrene (2-OHPhe), and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPyr) decreased gestational age by 1.033 days (95 % CI: -1.748, -0.319), 0.647 days (95 % CI: -1.076, -0.219), 0.845 days (95 % CI: -1.430, -0.260), and 0.888 days (95 % CI: -1.398, -0.378), respectively. Moreover, when the concentrations of MEP, 2-OHNap, 2-OHPhe, and 1-OHPyr exceeded 0.528, 0.039, 0.012, and 0.002 µg/g Cr, respectively, gestational age decreased in a dose-response manner. Upon analyzing the selected PAE and PAH metabolites as a mixture, we found that they were significantly negatively associated with gestational age, birth weight, and the ponderal index, with 1-OHPyr being the most important contributor. These findings highlight the adverse effects of single and combined exposure to PAEs and PAHs on gestational age. Therefore, future longitudinal cohort studies with larger sample sizes should be conducted across different geographic regions and ethnic groups to confirm the impact of combined exposure to PAEs and PAHs on birth outcomes.