Abstract：
Chemical and microlitter (ML) pollution in three Estonian coastal areas (Baltic Sea) was investigated using mussels (Mytilus trossulus). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in mussel tissues were observed in moderate levels with high bioaccumulation factors for the more hydrophilic and low molecular weight PAH (LMW PAH), namely anthracene and fluorene. Tissue concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and cadmium within mussel populations exceeded the Good Environmental Status thresholds by more than 200% and 60%, respectively. Multiple contamination at the Muuga Harbour site by tributyltin, high molecular weight PAH, including the highly toxic benzo[c]fluorene and PBDE, coincided with the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity and a lower condition index of the mussels. The metabolization and removal of bioaccumulated LMW PAH, reflected in the dominance of oxy-PAH such as anthracene-9,10-dione, is likely associated with the increased activity of glutathione S-transferase in caged mussels. Only a few microplastic particles were observed among the ML in mussel tissues, with coloured cellulose-based microfibers being the most prevalent. The average concentration of ML in mussels was significantly higher at the harbour area than at other sites. The integrated biomarker response index values allowed for the differentiation of pollution levels across studied locations representing high, intermediate, and low pollution levels within the studied area.
摘要：
使用贻贝（Mytilustrossulus）调查了爱沙尼亚三个沿海地区（波罗的海）的化学和微垃圾（ML）污染。观察到贻贝组织中的多环芳烃（PAH）处于中等水平，具有较高的生物积累因子，具有更亲水和低分子量的PAH（LMWPAH），即蒽和芴。贻贝种群中多溴联苯醚（PBDE）和镉的组织浓度超过了良好环境状态阈值200％和60％以上，分别。三丁基锡在Muuga港现场造成多重污染，高分子量PAH,包括剧毒的苯并[c]芴和PBDE，与乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的抑制和贻贝较低的状况指数相吻合。生物累积的LMWPAH的代谢和去除，反映在氧代PAH的优势，如蒽-9,10-二酮，可能与笼中贻贝的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性增加有关。在贻贝组织中的ML中仅观察到一些微塑料颗粒，着色的纤维素基微纤维是最普遍的。港口地区贻贝中ML的平均浓度明显高于其他地点。整合的生物标志物响应指数值允许区分跨研究地点的污染水平，代表高，中间,研究区域内的低污染水平。
