■使用主要和次要数据源对使用人工智能(AI)技术预测COVID-19住院和死亡率进行系统评价。
■队列,临床试验,荟萃分析,使用人工智能技术调查COVID-19住院或死亡率的观察性研究符合资格.没有英文全文的文章被排除在外。
■筛选了2019年01月01日至2022年22月08日在OvidMEDLINE中记录的文章。
■我们提取了数据源上的信息,AI模型,和流行病学方面的检索研究。
■使用PROBAST对AI模型进行偏差评估。
■患者COVID-19检测呈阳性。
■我们纳入了39项与基于AI的COVID-19相关的住院和死亡预测相关的研究。文章发表于2019-2022年期间,主要使用随机森林作为性能最好的模型。人工智能模型是使用从欧洲和非欧洲国家的人群中抽样的群体进行训练的。大多数是队列样本量<5,000。数据收集通常包括人口统计信息,临床记录,实验室结果,和药物治疗(即,高维数据集)。在大多数研究中,这些模型通过交叉验证进行了内部验证,但大多数研究缺乏外部验证和校准.在大多数研究中,协变量没有使用集成方法优先排序,然而,模型仍显示中等良好的性能,接收器工作特征曲线下面积(AUC)值>0.7。根据PROBAST的评估,所有模型都有较高的偏倚风险和/或对适用性的担忧.
■广泛的人工智能技术已用于预测COVID-19的住院和死亡率。这些研究报告了人工智能模型的良好预测性能,然而,检测到高偏倚风险和/或对适用性的担忧。
To perform a systematic
review on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques for predicting COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality using primary and secondary data sources.
Cohort, clinical trials, meta-analyses, and observational studies investigating COVID-19 hospitalization or mortality using artificial intelligence techniques were eligible. Articles without a full text available in the English language were excluded.
Articles recorded in Ovid MEDLINE from 01/01/2019 to 22/08/2022 were screened.
We extracted information on data sources, AI models, and epidemiological aspects of retrieved studies.
A bias assessment of AI models was done using PROBAST.
Patients tested positive for COVID-19.
We included 39 studies related to AI-based prediction of hospitalization and death related to COVID-19. The articles were published in the period 2019-2022, and mostly used Random Forest as the model with the best performance. AI models were trained using cohorts of individuals sampled from populations of European and non-European countries, mostly with cohort sample size <5,000. Data collection generally included information on demographics, clinical records, laboratory results, and pharmacological treatments (i.e., high-dimensional datasets). In most studies, the models were internally validated with cross-validation, but the majority of studies lacked external validation and calibration. Covariates were not prioritized using ensemble approaches in most of the studies, however, models still showed moderately good performances with Area under the Receiver operating characteristic Curve (AUC) values >0.7. According to the assessment with PROBAST, all models had a high risk of bias and/or concern regarding applicability.
A broad range of AI techniques have been used to predict COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality. The studies reported good prediction performance of AI models, however, high risk of bias and/or concern regarding applicability were detected.