背景与目的:运动通过多种机制增强心血管健康,包括自主神经系统活动的调节。这项研究旨在系统地检查运动对成年人在运动后一小时(WHAE)内和一小时内心率变异性(HRV)的影响。材料和方法:使用MEDLINE进行了全面的文献综述,Embase,科克伦图书馆,Scopus,和PubMed数据库来确定已发表的研究,这些研究报告了运动对成年人自主神经系统活动的影响。研究测量了低频带(0.04-0.15Hz)的绝对功率到高频带(0.015-0.4Hz)(LF/HF比)的绝对功率,以评估交感神经活动和均方根正常心跳(RMSSD)之间的连续差异,以评估副交感神经活动。结果:共筛选了3329项研究的相关性,最后,10篇文章使用了测量自主神经系统活动的方法,例如LF/HF比和RMSSD,涵盖292名成年患者,纳入荟萃分析。在目前的荟萃分析中,我们观察到运动期间和之后的副交感神经活动显著减少,如RMSSD所示,与运动前水平相比(平均差[MD]=-4.96,95%置信区间[CI]:-8.00至-1.91,p=0.003)。然而,运动后的交感神经活动,由LF/HF比率表示,与运动前水平相比,显示出边界显着增加(MD=1.06,95%CI:-0.01至2.12,p=0.052)。元回归模型发现,与RMSSD相关的因素包括平均年龄,男性,和锻炼后的持续时间。此外,与LF/HF比值相关的因素是参与者的健康状况.试验顺序分析提供了有力的证据,表明RMSSD在和WHAE期间降低,LF/HF比率增加。结论:鉴于本研究的局限性,研究结果表明,在和WHAE期间,成人的副交感神经活动显着减少,交感神经活动的边界显着增加,如试验序贯分析所证实。Meta回归分析显示,副交感神经活动与受试者年龄和男性性别呈负相关,但与运动后的持续时间呈正相关。此外,增加的交感神经活动与参与者的健康状况有关.这项研究表明,与健康个体相比,运动可能会不同程度地影响慢性病患者的自主平衡。这凸显了对量身定制的运动干预措施的潜在需求,以改善不同人群的自主神经功能。
Background and Objectives: Exercise enhances cardiovascular health through various mechanisms, including the modulation of autonomic nervous system activity. This study aimed to systematically examine the impact of exercise on heart rate variability (HRV) in adults during and within one hour after exercise (WHAE). Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and PubMed databases to identify published studies that reported the impact of exercise on autonomic nervous system activity in adults. The studies measured the absolute power of the low-frequency band (0.04-0.15 Hz) to the absolute power of the high-frequency band (0.015-0.4 Hz) (LF/HF ratio) to assess sympathetic activity and the root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats (RMSSD) to assess
parasympathetic activity. Results: A total of 3329 studies were screened for relevance, and finally, 10 articles that utilized methods for measuring autonomic nervous system activity, such as the LF/HF ratio and RMSSD, covering 292 adult patients, were included for meta-analysis. In the current meta-analysis, we observed a significant decrease in
parasympathetic activity during and after exercise, as indicated by RMSSD, compared to pre-exercise levels (mean difference [MD] = -4.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -8.00 to -1.91, p = 0.003). However, sympathetic activity after exercise, represented by the LF/HF ratio, showed a borderline significant increase compared to pre-exercise levels (MD = 1.06, 95% CI: -0.01 to 2.12, p = 0.052). The meta-regression model found that factors associated with RMSSD included mean age, male gender, and duration post-exercise. Additionally, the factor associated with the LF/HF ratio was the healthy condition of participants. The trial sequential analysis provided robust evidence of a decrease in RMSSD and an increase in the LF/HF ratio during and WHAE. Conclusions: Given the limitations of the current study, the findings suggest that a significant decrease in
parasympathetic activity and a borderline significant increase in sympathetic activity in adults during and WHAE, as confirmed by trial sequential analysis. Meta-regression analysis indicated that
parasympathetic activity was negatively associated with participant age and male gender, but positively associated with duration post-exercise. Additionally, increased sympathetic activity was linked to the healthy conditions of participants. This study suggests that exercise might differentially affect autonomic balance in individuals with chronic conditions compared to healthy individuals. This highlights the potential need for tailored exercise interventions to improve autonomic function across different populations.