BACKGROUND: Dentigerous cysts, deemed of developmental origin, are benign odontogenic cysts characterized by a gradual growth rate. Their occurrence is twice as prevalent in men compared to women. These cysts are recognized as the most frequent developmental cysts affecting the jaws, with a typical manifestation in individuals aged 20 to 40, while infrequently identified in young children. Notably, dentigerous cysts have the potential to attain significant dimensions, resulting in painless enlargement of the jaw and subsequent deformation.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinicopathological features and management of ten years of experience with dentigerous cysts.
METHODS: A challenging cases were reported from reviewed records of the patients who were treated by the surgical intervention of various dentigerous cysts throughout the period of ten years, 2012-2022 and only histologically confirmed cases were selected, at Ramadi Teaching Hospital in addition to Rashid, Razi, Zuhur Private Hospitals and private clinics in Iraq.
RESULTS: 76 patients were included in this clinicopathological research. The highest age group affected was ≤ 18 years (68.4%), 54% were male, the mandible was more affected (63.1%) than the maxilla (36.9%). Marsupialization was applied to 30.3% of the cases, while enucleation was carried out in 69.7%.
CONCLUSIONS: The significance of meticulous examination of radiographs and the consequences associated with undetected and untreated ailments is affirmed by this case study. A comprehensive understanding of oral pathology serves as a valuable resource for dentists, facilitating accurate diagnosis, appropriate referrals, and the provision of anticipatory guidance to patients striving to achieve optimal oral health across various age groups.

This study highlights the oral health condition of female sex workers (SWs), who face increased risks associated with habits such as excessive alcohol and tobacco use. These behaviors heighten the likelihood of issues like oral cancer and dental diseases, underscoring the need for targeted health interventions. The study examines the oral health disparities between SWs and the general population (GP). A retrospective study analyzed the health records of 40 SWs and 40 controls matched by age and gender who were examined between 1 January 2020 and 30 May 2023. Intra-oral and panoramic radiographs, alongside clinical examination, were used to evaluate missing teeth, periodontal bone support, and caries. T-tests and chi-square tests were used to compare dental health indicators. A comparative analysis of these 80 patients revealed significant disparities: SWs had a higher incidence of missing teeth (5.8 ± 7.3 vs. 0.7 ± 1.4, p < 0.01) and caries (6.1 ± 6.2 vs. 0.8 ± 1.2, p < 0.05) compared to the GP. The DMFT (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) index was notably higher in SWs (16.1 ± 8.09) than in the GP (7.95 ± 5.48, p < 0.001). Additionally, 12% of SWs used removable dentures, unlike the GP. This study underscores significant oral health challenges in SWs, emphasizing the need for targeted healthcare strategies to improve their health conditions.

Background: The study aims to investigate parameters in patients attending Fujairah Dental Center, including assessing the prevalence of impacted teeth, determining the frequency of associated pathological conditions, and evaluating the patterns and angulations of impacted third molars. Methods: It is a retrospective descriptive study of the panoramic radiographs of patients who attended Fujairah Dental Center for dental care between January 2011 and December 2017. The minimum age for inclusion was 17 years. Clinical records were used to obtain the demographic details of patients, such as age, gender, nationality, medical history, and smoking history. Seven hundred and four panoramic radiographs and clinical records of patients were analyzed. The age range was between 17 and 112 years old, with a mean age of 34 years (S.D 13.5). Results: Of the 704 panoramic radiographs evaluated, 236 (33.6%) X-rays showed teeth impaction with a total of 562 impacted teeth in the upper and lower jaws. Five hundred and twenty-five (93.4%) were impacted third molars, and 37 (6.5%) teeth were other kinds of impacted teeth. Females showed a higher frequency of impacted teeth (62.6%) compared to males (37.4%). The highest prevalence of impacted teeth was found in the 17-25 year age group (61%), and the prevalence declined with advancing age. Impacted third molars were more likely to occur in the mandible (57.3%) than in the maxilla (42.7%). Most of the impacted third molars were in the mesioangular position, followed by the vertical position. The evaluation of the depth of impacted third molars demonstrated that level C impaction was the most frequently seen, followed by level B impaction. Impacted third-molar teeth often presented with two roots (60.7%), followed by a single root (31.3%). An evaluation of the relationship between lower third molars and the inferior dental canal (IDC) revealed that the most frequently observed relation was interrupted (61.5%), followed by a distant relation to the ID canal, and 13% were superimposed. The most common morphological pattern of roots of the impacted third molars was either straight-type or curved and dilacerated roots (5.7%). Additionally, the most noticed pathological conditions associated with impacted teeth were carious second molars adjacent to impacted third molars (42%), which was more likely to be seen in the 17-25-year age group, with females having a higher prevalence than males.

BACKGROUND: Biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) may serve as off-the-shelf alternatives for iliac crest-derived autologous bone in alveolar cleft reconstructions. To add osteoinductivity to the osteoconductive BCPs to achieve similar regenerative capacity as autologous bone, a locally harvested buccal fat pad will be mechanically fractionated to generate microfragmented fat (MFAT), which has been shown to have high regenerative capacity due to high pericyte and mesenchymal stem cell content and a preserved perivascular niche.
OBJECTIVE: Our primary objectives will be to assess the feasibility and safety of the BCP-MFAT combination. The secondary objective will be efficacy, which will be evaluated using radiographic imaging and histological and histomorphometric evaluation of biopsies taken 6 months postoperatively, concomitant with dental implant placement.
METHODS: Eight patients with alveolar cleft (≥15 years) will be included in this prospective, nonblinded, first-in-human clinical study. MFAT will be prepared intraoperatively from the patient\'s own buccal fat pad. Regular blood tests and physical examinations will be conducted, and any adverse events (AEs) or serious EAs (SAEs) will be meticulously recorded. Radiographic imaging will be performed prior to surgery and at regular intervals after reconstruction of the alveolar cleft with the BCP-MFAT combination. Biopsies obtained after 6 months with a trephine drill used to prepare the implantation site will be assessed with histological and histomorphometric analyses after methylmethacrylate embedding and sectioning.
RESULTS: The primary outcome parameter will be safety after 6 months\' follow-up, as monitored closely using possible occurrences of SAEs based on radiographic imaging, blood tests, and physical examinations. For efficacy, radiographic imaging will be used for clinical grading of the bone construct using the Bergland scale. In addition, bone parameters such as bone volume, osteoid volume, graft volume, and number of osteoclasts will be histomorphometrically quantified. Recruitment started in November 2019, and the trial is currently in the follow-up stage. This protocol\'s current version is 1.0, dated September 15, 2019.
CONCLUSIONS: In this first-in-human study, not only safety but also the histologically and radiographically assessed regenerative potential of the BCP-MFAT combination will be evaluated in an alveolar cleft model. When an SAE occurs, it will be concluded that the BCP-MFAT combination is not yet safe in the current setting. Regarding AEs, if they do not occur at a higher frequency than that in patients treated with standard care (autologous bone) or can be resolved by noninvasive conventional methods (eg, with analgesics or antibiotics), the BCP-MFAT combination will be considered safe. In all other cases, the BCP-MFAT combination will not yet be considered safe.
BACKGROUND: Indonesia Clinical Trial Registry INA-EW74C1N; https://tinyurl.com/28tnrr64.
UNASSIGNED: DERR1-10.2196/42371.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the incidence and demographic profile of hamartomatous, choristomatous, and teratoid lesions in a Brazilian population over a 49 years-period.
METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed, and data regarding demographic and clinical aspects were obtained from the medical records of a [removed for blind peer review] referral center (1970-2019). The collected data were submitted to descriptive analysis and Pearson\'s chi-square, Fisher\'s exact, and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p ≤ 0.05).
RESULTS: In a total of 16,412 medical records analyzed, 300 (1.83 %) were hamartomatous, 2 (0.01 %) choristomatous, and 1 (0.01 %) teratoid lesions. Hamartomas were most diagnosed in females and adults. Statistical significance was observed between hamartoma and age group (p < 0.001). Odontoma was the most frequent hamartomatous lesion. In choristomatous and teratoid lesions, there was no occurrence in males. The jaws were the most affected anatomical site by hamartoma. Choristomas were observed on the mandible and tongue, while a teratoid lesion was seen on the floor of the mouth.
CONCLUSIONS: Low occurrence of choristomatous and teratoid lesions over hamartomatous lesions and a heterogeneous occurrence profile regarding sex, age group, and anatomic site were observed. Hamartomas are relatively common and benign conditions that may cause damage and require special care during dental treatment. Thus, the dentist needs to be able to identify and treat them appropriately. Likewise, although choristomas and teratomas present no risk to patients and have a lower occurrence than hamartomas, they also require treatment.

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is known as the main cause of cervical cancer. Data also indicate its role in head-neck cancer, especially oropharyngeal cancer. The correlation between high-risk HPV and oral cancer is still controversial. HPV-related lesions of the oral cavity are frequent and, in most cases, benign. The primary aim of this study was to establish if there is a different follow-up necessity between HPV-positive compared to HPV-negative oral lesions. The secondary aim was to evaluate the recurrence of HPV-related lesions. All patients who underwent a surgical procedure of oral biopsy between 2018 and 2022, with ulterior histopathological examination and HPV typing, were examined. A total of 230 patients were included: 75 received traumatic fibroma as diagnosis, 131 HPV-related lesions, 9 proliferative verrucous leukoplakia, and 15 leukoplakia. The frequency and period of follow-up varied in relation to HPV positivity and diagnosis. This study confirms what has already been reported by other authors regarding the absence of recommendations of follow-up necessity in patients with oral mucosal lesions. However, the data demonstrate that there was a statistically significant difference in the sample analyzed regarding the follow-up of HPV-positive vs. HPV-negative patients. It also confirms the low recurrence frequency of HPV-related oral lesions.

OBJECTIVE: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a significant complication which can present following a dental extraction in patients receiving anti-resorptive and anti-angiogenic medications. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible beneficial effect of L-PRF in the prevention of MRONJ in patients receiving these medications and requiring dental extractions.
METHODS: Thirty-nine patients were included and divided into two groups, depending on whether L-PRF was used after the required dental extraction or not. Subsequently, the patients were categorised into low and high-risk for developing MRONJ, as recommended by the SDCEP guidance.
RESULTS: None of the patients in the L-PRF group returned with established MRONJ. Five high-risk patients in the control group presented with established MRONJ in the follow-up appointment. A significant statistical difference (p = 0.04) was observed following a comparison of the high-risk patients of the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: These encouraging results suggest that L-PRF may be useful in the prevention of MRONJ following a dental extraction especially in patients of the higher risk category. A protocol for the management of this type of patients is also introduced.

BACKGROUND: Teledentistry is an emerging tool to exchange medical information and clinical images to facilitate the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of oral diseases and patient assurance and education. Considering the shortage of oral medicine specialists in Saudi Arabia, this study aims to assess the experiences of dental specialists with tele-oral medicine and its potential applicability in addressing this shortage.
METHODS: This was a pilot, cross-sectional study conducted among specialists in the field of oral medicine from January 2020 to March 2020. A total of 16 preselected cases with oral lesions, including clinical history and images, were developed, validated, and shared via email with study participants. Each case included questions on differential diagnosis, provisional diagnosis, and management. The responses were recorded, analyzed, and presented as means and percentages.
RESULTS: A total of 49 subjects participated in this study and more than half were under 40 years of age and two-thirds were women. A total of 23 participants had prior experience with tele-oral medicine, mainly via WhatsApp (95.7%), and these cases were received from patients, their families, friends, or other dentists. For all study cases, the correct diagnosis score ranged between 73.50 and 100%, and correct management ranged between 51 and 98%.
CONCLUSIONS: Tele-oral medicine is an effective tool that may play an important role in patient management in rural regions with a shortage of oral medicine services. Further studies with larger sample sizes and in collaboration with international centers are warranted to confirm these findings.

OBJECTIVE: This multicenter study aimed to evaluate cases of non-syndrome and syndromic odontogenic keratocyst, as well as cases of recurrence within these two groups.
METHODS: This descriptive, analytical, retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated the sex, age and presence of multiple lesions in 1,169 individuals seen at 10 Brazilian oral and maxillofacial pathology centers. Of these, 1,341 odontogenic keratocysts were analyzed regarding clinical diagnosis, size, site, imaging appearance, signs and symptoms, type of biopsy, treatment, and recurrence.
RESULTS: There was a similar distribution by sex. The median age of non-syndromic and syndromic patients was 32 and 17.5 years, respectively. The posterior mandible was the site most affected by small and large lesions in both groups and in recurrent cases. Unilocular lesions were more frequent, also in recurrent cases. Mainly small lesions showed this imaging appearance. Signs and symptoms were absent in most cases. Conservative treatment was the most frequent modality in all age groups, regardless of the patient\'s condition and recurrence. Recurrences were uncommon.
CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a higher frequency of non-syndromic keratocysts in the population. Clinicopathological features related to the involvement of multiple sites, age, and recurrence may differ between syndromic and non-syndromic cases. Furthermore, we found an association between lesion size and some clinical features and between the time interval to recurrence and the syndromic spectrum.
CONCLUSIONS: To contribute to a better understanding of the distribution and association between clinical, imaging, and sociodemographic characteristics in each spectrum of the lesion.

UNASSIGNED: The objective of this study was to identify the degree of perception of oral pathology as a specialty among the general pathologists and the need of utilizing oral pathologists in assisting to identify oral lesions in diagnostic challenges.
UNASSIGNED: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among qualified general pathologists to collect the data. The survey items focused on various aspects, including the analysis of oral pathology as a specialty, the importance of employing oral pathologists for identifying oral lesions in diagnostic challenges, and the difficulties encountered in managing such lesions. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. For comparing the relationship between work experience and the referral of odontogenic cysts and tumors cases, a Chi-square test was employed. A significance level of p ⩽ 0.05 was deemed as statistically significant.
UNASSIGNED: Two hundred and fifty general pathologists responded to the questionnaire. Two hundred and thirty two (92.8%) participants showed awareness of oral pathology as a specialty. For the diagnosis of oral, jaws, and salivary glands pathologic lesions, the majority 198 (79.2%) respondents believed that oral pathologists are required for the diagnosis. Regarding the referrals of lesions to oral pathologists, 137 (54.8%), participants did not refer. In terms of training in oral pathology, all of the participants agreed that they would undertake short-term posting in oral pathology. For challenging cases, all the general pathologists believed that oral pathologists should be part of the team.
UNASSIGNED: The general pathologists recognized oral pathology as a specialty and feel the need for an oral pathologist opinion in diagnosis. However, most of the general pathologists did not refer the complex cases to oral pathologists. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to encourage oral pathologists and their hiring at histopathology laboratories that are diagnosing complex head and neck cases.