目的：骨学基金会第2次共识会议的第2工作组重点研究了垂直种植体放置对邻近牙齿的单个种植体的乳头高度的影响，以及对上颌骨前两个相邻种植体的种植体间粘膜填充的影响。
方法：在共识会议之前准备了两个系统综述。由于研究设计方面的异质性，研究人群,评估方法,元分析是不可能的。共识声明,临床建议,对未来研究的影响是基于结构化的小组讨论，直到整个专家组达成共识。
结果：关于单牙种植体的系统评价包括总共12项研究，表明从骨骨水平到邻间接触点底部的垂直距离从2毫米到11毫米有很大变化，56.5%至100%的病例达到部分或完全乳头填充。对于两个相邻植入物的系统评价，只有4项研究报告了植入物间的水平距离在2.0至4.0mm之间.在21％至88.5％的病例中，有一半以上的乳头存在。
结论：得出的结论是，对于单齿种植体，植入物和牙齿之间的乳头高度主要取决于牙齿的临床附着水平。如果有两个相邻的植入物，结论是，不可能定义两个用固定假牙修复的相邻植入物之间的最佳水平距离。
OBJECTIVE: Working Group 2 at the 2nd
Consensus Meeting of the Osteology Foundation had a focus on the influence of vertical implant placement on papilla height at single implants adjacent to teeth and on the inter-implant
mucosa fill at two adjacent implants in the anterior maxilla.
METHODS: Two systematic reviews were prepared in advance of the
consensus meeting. Due to the heterogeneity among the studies with regard to study design, study population, method of assessment, meta-analyses were not possible.
Consensus statements, clinical recommendations, and implications for future research were based on structured group discussions until
consensus was reached among the entire expert group.
RESULTS: The systematic review about single-tooth implants included a total of 12 studies demonstrating that the vertical distance from the crestal bone level to the base of the interproximal contact point varied considerably from 2 mm up to 11 mm, and a partial or complete papilla fill was reached in 56.5% to 100% of the cases. For the systematic review regarding two adjacent implants, only four studies reported on horizontal inter-implant distances which ranged between 2.0 and 4.0 mm. More than half of the papilla presence was indicated in 21% to 88.5% of the cases.
CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that for single-tooth implants, the papilla height between an implant and a tooth is predominantly dependent on the clinical attachment level of the tooth. In cases with two adjacent implants, it was concluded that it is not possible to define the optimal horizontal distance between two adjacent implants restored with fixed dental prosthess.
