磁共振成像(MRI)在过去的几十年中迅速发展成为医学研究和诊断成像中最灵活的工具之一。MRI设备是患者和医护人员多次暴露于电磁场的重要来源。由于存在多个频率范围的电磁场,不同的时间变化,和场强。由于MRI系统的使用和技术进步的增加,非常需要对暴露评估有更清晰的见解,并更好地了解长期暴露可能造成的有害影响。在目前的探索性研究中,那不勒斯国家癌症研究所“帕斯卡尔基金会”无线电诊断部门MRI工作者的暴露评估和生物监测(那不勒斯,意大利)已经进行了。特别是,暴露于MRI静态磁场(SMF)已通过个人监测进行评估,虽然已经开发了一种应用工具来提供运动诱发的估计,时变电场。测量结果突显了SMF暴露的日常和工人之间的高变异性,这在很大程度上取决于环境的特征和个人行为,开发的应用工具可以作为一种易于使用的工具,用于快速和定性地评估运动诱发,随时间变化的电场暴露。关于生物监测,放射诊断部门的24名工作人员被招募来评估人外周血淋巴细胞中自发和丝裂霉素C诱导的染色体脆性,通过胞质分裂阻断微核试验。研究对象为12名MRI工作者,不同专业类别的代表,作为暴露的群体,和12名没有MRI暴露史的工人,作为参考组。结果表明,对于现场暴露评估和生物监测,工人之间的差异都很高。以及在这类调查中面临的几个关键问题和实际问题。此处提出的风险评估和生物监测程序可用于为该领域的未来研究提供信息,这将需要改进暴露评估方法,并增加生物监测研究中的受试者数量,以获得可靠的统计数据和可靠的结果。
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has evolved rapidly over the past few decades as one of the most flexible tools in medical research and diagnostic imaging. MRI facilities are important sources of multiple exposure to electromagnetic fields for both patients and health-care staff, due to the presence of electromagnetic fields of multiple frequency ranges, different temporal variations, and field strengths. Due to the increasing use and technological advancements of MRI systems, clearer insights into exposure assessment and a better understanding of possible harmful effects due to long-term exposures are highly needed. In the present exploratory
study, exposure assessment and biomonitoring of MRI workers at the Radio-diagnostics Unit of the National Cancer Institute of Naples \"Pascale Foundation\" (Naples, Italy) have been carried out. In particular, exposure to the MRI static magnetic field (SMF) has been evaluated by means of personal monitoring, while an application tool has been developed to provide an estimate of motion-induced, time-varying electric fields. Measurement results have highlighted a high day-to-day and worker-to-worker variability of the exposure to the SMF, which strongly depends on the characteristics of the environment and on personal behaviors, and the developed application tool can be adopted as an easy-to-use tool for rapid and qualitative evaluation of motion-induced, time-varying electric field exposure. Regarding biomonitoring, the 24 workers of the Radio-diagnostics Unit were enrolled to evaluate both spontaneous and mitomycin C-induced chromosomal fragility in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, by means of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. The
study subjects were 12 MRI workers, representative of different professional categories, as the exposed group, and 12 workers with no MRI exposure history, as the reference group. The results show a high worker-to-worker variability for both field exposure assessment and biomonitoring, as well as several critical issues and practicalities to be faced with in this type of investigations. The procedures for risk assessment and biomonitoring proposed here can be used to inform future research in this field, which will require a refinement of exposure assessment methods and an enlargement of the number of subjects enrolled in the biomonitoring
study to gain robust statistics and reliable results.