背景:游戏已成为全球儿童和成人生活中不可或缺的一部分。先前关于游戏对生化参数影响的研究主要解决了游戏的急性影响。文学是有限的,研究设计非常多样化。研究最彻底的参数是血糖和皮质醇。
目的:这项探索性研究首次探讨了长时间游戏对健康成年男性生化指标的影响。广泛的测试使我们能够观察到短期变化(在6小时内),游戏时段期间的长期变化,并在1周后进行随访,以确定是否有任何变化持续时间更长。
方法:总共,9名经验丰富的游戏玩家完成了2次背靠背的18小时游戏会话,并穿插了6小时的休息时间。由于白天就业或上大学,所有参与者都坚持结构化的睡眠模式。血,唾液,每6小时收集参与者的尿液样本.线性混合效应模型用于分析研究过程中积累的重复测量数据。总共研究了51个生化参数。
结果:总计,在研究过程中,51项生化参数中有12项发生了显着变化:碱性磷酸酶,天冬氨酸转氨酶,胆红素,氯化物,肌酐,葡萄糖,血红蛋白,未成熟网织红细胞分数,乳酸,高铁血红蛋白,钠,和血小板。所有变化均在正常范围内。基线时参与者的平均葡萄糖水平为4.39(SD0.07)mmol/L,在第一个时间段内每6小时显着增加0.24(SD0.07)mmol/L,在第二个时间段内每6小时显着增加0.38(SD0.07)mmol/L(P<.001)。即使参与者的能量摄入很少,第二阶段的葡萄糖水平也会增加。皮质醇水平没有显著变化,尽管皮质醇模式偏离了典型的昼夜节律。在两个游戏会话期间,我们观察到皮质醇水平从早上6点到中午增加。参与者在研究开始时相对脱水。要求患者在第一次采血前禁食。在研究的前6个小时内,参与者补充水分,随后在其余研究期间进行相对脱水。使用以下参数鉴定此模式:白蛋白,肌酐,血红蛋白,红细胞,钾,和血小板。
结论:本研究尚属首次,研究中的许多分析产生了新颖的结果。这项研究旨在模仿游戏玩家在周末和其他长时间游戏时段的行为。在这一点上,我们无法确定游戏效果和游戏行为之间的差异。无论如何,这项研究的结果表明,健康的游戏玩家可以参与长时间的游戏,大量不健康的食物和很少的休息,对健康没有严重影响。
BACKGROUND: Gaming has become an integrated part of life for children and adults worldwide. Previous studies on the impact of gaming on biochemical parameters have primarily addressed the acute effects of gaming. The literature is limited, and the
study designs are very diverse. The parameters that have been investigated most thoroughly are blood glucose and cortisol.
OBJECTIVE: This exploratory study is the first to investigate the effects of long gaming sessions on the biochemical parameters of healthy male adults. The extensive testing allowed us to observe short-term changes (within 6 hours), long-term changes during the duration of the gaming sessions, and follow-up after 1 week to determine whether any changes were longer lasting.
METHODS: In total, 9 experienced gamers completed 2 back-to-back 18-hour gaming sessions interspersed with a 6-hour rest period. All participants adhered to a structured sleep pattern due to daytime employment or attending university. Blood, saliva, and urine samples were collected from the participants every 6 hours. Linear mixed-effect models were used to analyze the repeated-measures data accumulated during the
study. A total of 51 biochemical parameters were investigated.
RESULTS: In total, 12 of the 51 biochemical parameters significantly changed during the study: alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, chloride, creatinine, glucose, hemoglobin, immature reticulocyte fraction, lactate, methemoglobin, sodium, and thrombocytes. All changes were within the normal range. The mean glucose level of the participants was 4.39 (SD 0.07) mmol/L at baseline, which increased significantly by 0.24 (SD 0.07) mmol/L per 6 hours during the first period and by 0.38 (SD 0.07) mmol/L per 6 hours in the second period (P<.001). The glucose levels during the second session increased even though the participants had little energy intake. Cortisol levels did not change significantly, although the cortisol pattern deviated from the typical circadian rhythm. During both gaming sessions, we observed increasing cortisol levels from 6 AM until noon. The participants were relatively dehydrated at the start of the
study. The patients were asked to fast before the first blood sampling. Within the first 6 hours of the study, the participants rehydrated, followed by relative dehydration during the remainder of the
study. This pattern was identified using the following parameters: albumin, creatinine, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, potassium, and platelets.
CONCLUSIONS: This
study is the first of its kind, and many of the analyses in the
study yielded novel results. The study was designed to emulate the behavior of gamers during the weekend and other long gaming sessions. At this point, we are not able to determine the difference between the effects of gaming and behavior during gaming. Regardless, the results of this study suggest that healthy gamers can partake in long gaming sessions, with ample amounts of unhealthy foods and little rest, without acute impacts on health.