■水痘,一种由水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)引起的高度传染性病毒性疾病,影响全球数百万人,在儿童中患病率较高。初次感染后,VZV在感觉神经节中处于休眠状态,并且有可能在以后重新激活,引起带状疱疹(HZ)。接种疫苗是预防水痘最有效的方法之一,两剂量水痘疫苗(VarV)方案在世界范围内广泛使用。在中国,VarV已被纳入国家免疫规划,并采用推荐的单剂量方案.这项研究旨在比较两种剂量与上海儿童单剂量VarV方案,中国。
■在上海进行了一项前瞻性队列研究,中国,从2018年9月到2022年12月。该研究招募了3-18岁的儿童,他们接受了一次剂量,两剂,或0剂量VarV方案。疫苗接种史,水痘感染状况,和相关变量,包括人口统计信息(姓名,通过病历审查和父母访谈收集出生日期和性别)和病史(水痘的临床特征和病程)。
■总共3838名儿童被纳入研究,0剂量组407,单剂量方案组为2,107,双剂量方案组为1,324。这些组的相应发病率密度分别为0.13,0.05和0.03例/1000人日,分别。两剂方案的调整疫苗有效性(VE)为81.7%(95CI:59.3-91.8%),一剂方案为60.3%(95CI:29.3-77.7%),与0剂量方案相比。与单剂量VarV方案相比,双剂量VarV方案显示47.6%(95CI:2.5-71.9%)的保护有效性。
■该研究提供的证据支持,与单剂量方案相比,双剂量VarV方案在预防水痘感染方面具有更大的有效性。
UNASSIGNED: Varicella, a highly contagious viral disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), affects millions globally, with a higher prevalence among children. After the initial infection, VZV lies dormant in sensory ganglia and has the potential to reactivate much later, causing herpes zoster (HZ). Vaccination is one of the most effective methods to prevent varicella, and the two-dose varicella vaccine (VarV) regimen is widely used around the world. In China, the VarV has been included in the national immunization programme with a recommended single-dose regimen. This
study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the two-dose vs. one-dose VarV regimen in children in Shanghai, China.
UNASSIGNED: A prospective cohort
study was conducted in Shanghai, China, from September 2018 to December 2022. The
study enrolled children aged 3-18 years who had received either the one-dose, two-dose, or 0-dose VarV regimen. Vaccination history, varicella infection status, and relevant variables, including demographic information (name, date of birth and sex) and medical history (clinical features of varicella and illness duration) were collected through medical record review and parental interviews.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 3,838 children were included in the
study, with 407 in the 0-dose regimen group, 2,107 in the one-dose regimen group and 1,324 in the two-dose regimen group. The corresponding incidence density in these groups was 0.13, 0.05 and 0.03 cases per 1,000 person-days, respectively. The adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) was 81.7% (95%CI: 59.3-91.8%) for the two-dose regimen and 60.3% (95%CI: 29.3-77.7%) for the one-dose regimen, compared to the 0-dose regimen. The two-dose VarV regimen showed a protective effectiveness of 47.6% (95%CI: 2.5-71.9%) compared to the one-dose VarV regimen.
UNASSIGNED: This
study provides evidence supporting the greater effectiveness of the two-dose VarV regimen in preventing varicella infection compared to the one-dose regimen.