背景:从理论上讲,对药物线索的渴望和注意力偏向现象是合作运作的,由于联想学习的原则。在这种情况下,对药物相关刺激的条件反应激活了大脑内的奖励机制,因此,诱导渴望并促进导致药物使用障碍个体复发的潜在机制。多项研究通过脑电图(EEG)评估了对物质相关线索的关注与主观渴望之间的关系,但是他们的发现还有待综合和研究。这篇综述总结了P300事件相关电位(ERP)的振幅与物质使用渴望之间的关联,按物质类型比较结果的差异,并讨论了文献中的空白,为未来的研究提供信息。
方法:在Embase上进行了系统搜索,WebofScience,CINAHL,PsychINFO数据库。研究以英文发表,包括同行评审的人类研究,调查EEGP300ERP与自我报告的物质使用渴望之间的关系。所包括的研究样本包括使用物质的治疗或非治疗寻求的参与者。感兴趣的主要结果是从评估P300振幅和物质使用渴望的推断统计数据得出的结果。
结果:最终搜索中包含了10项研究,并按物质类型进行了组织:三种酒精,三种可卡因,两种烟草,一个海洛因,一个大麻。结果混合了酒精和可卡因。烟草研究,海洛因,和大麻的使用是一致的P300振幅和渴望之间的关联。
结论:关于EEGP300振幅和渴望之间关联的研究的总体发现是混合的。这些结果应该在有限的样本量的背景下考虑,动力不足的分析,以及可能导致结果差异的方法差异。需要进一步的研究来评估渴望评估的作用,脑电图方法学,和物质相关因素对P300振幅和自我报告的渴望之间的关联。
BACKGROUND: The phenomenon of craving and attention bias towards drug cues is theorized to operate cooperatively, owing to the principles of associative learning. In this context, the conditioned response to drug-related stimuli activates reward mechanisms within the brain, consequently inducing craving and fostering the underlying mechanisms that contribute to relapse in individuals with substance use disorders. Multiple studies have assessed the relationship between attention to substance-related cues and subjective craving through electroencephalography (EEG), but their findings have yet to be synthesized and examined. This
review summarizes the association between the amplitude of the P300 event-related potential (ERP) and substance use craving, compares discrepancies in results by type of substance, and discusses gaps in the literature to inform future research.
METHODS: A systematic search was conducted on Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsychINFO databases. Studies were published in English and included peer-reviewed human research investigating the relationship between EEG P300 ERP and self-reported substance use craving. The included study samples comprised of in treatment or non-treatment-seeking participants who use substances. The primary outcomes of interest were those derived from inferential statistics assessing P300 amplitude and substance use craving.
RESULTS: Ten studies were included in the final search and were organized by substance type: three alcohol, three cocaine, two tobacco, one heroin, and one cannabis. Results were mixed for alcohol and cocaine. Studies on tobacco, heroin, and cannabis use were congruent for associations between the P300 amplitude and craving.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall findings are mixed between studies addressing the association of the EEG P300 amplitude and craving. These results should be considered in the context of the limited sample size, underpowered analyses, and methodological differences that potentially contribute to discrepancies in outcomes. Further research is required to assess the role of craving assessment, EEG methodology, and substance-related factors on the association between P300 amplitude and self-reported craving.