西尼罗河病毒(WNV)是黄病毒科日本脑炎(JE)血清复合物的成员。我们报告了在最近的日本脑炎病毒(JEV)疫苗接种后,在2018年9月至2019年11月期间,四名全血献血者和一名血浆献血者进行了WNV核酸检测(NAT)反应性捐赠。
病例1和4在接受JEV疫苗1天后有反应性WNVNAT捐赠。病例2在接受JEV疫苗3天后具有反应性WNV捐赠。病例3在从亚利桑那州返回后3天和接受JEV疫苗后1天具有反应性WNVNAT捐赠。病例5在接受JEV疫苗的同一天有反应性WNV捐赠。
WNV筛选使用罗氏cobasWNV核酸测试(NAT)(罗氏分子系统)。国家微生物学实验室(NML)对WNV反应性捐赠进行了参考测试。还分析了JEV疫苗稀释物。
对于案例1、3和5,补充NAT对于WNV和JEV是阴性的。案例2对于两个JEVNAT靶标之一具有弱扩增曲线。案例4为JEVNAT阳性,WNVNAT-负极。对病例2、4和5的捐赠标本进行的血清学测试不支持近期或远程WNV感染。通过cobas和补充NAT检测JEV疫苗稀释液。
我们建议在JEV疫苗接种后实施临时献血延期,如果筛选利用具有检测JE血清复合物其他成员能力的WNV测定。
West Nile Virus (WNV) is a member of the Japanese Encephalitis (JE) serocomplex within the Flaviviridae family. We report four whole blood donors and one plasma donor with WNV nucleic acid test (NAT)-reactive donations between September 2018 and November 2019, following recent Japanese Encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccination.
Cases 1 and 4 had reactive WNV NAT donations 1 day after receiving the JEV vaccine.
Case 2 had a reactive WNV donation 3 days after receiving the JEV vaccine.
Case 3 had a reactive WNV NAT donation 3 days after returning from Arizona and 1 day after receiving the JEV vaccine.
Case 5 had a reactive WNV donation the same day as receiving the JEV vaccine.
WNV screening used the Roche cobas WNV nucleic acid test (NAT) (Roche Molecular Systems). Reference testing on WNV-reactive donations was carried out by the National Microbiology Laboratory (NML). JEV vaccine dilutions were also analyzed.
Supplemental NAT was negative for WNV and JEV for Cases 1, 3, and 5.
Case 2 had a weak amplification curve for one of two JEV NAT targets.
Case 4 was JEV NAT-positive, WNV NAT-negative. Serologic testing on donation specimens for Cases 2, 4, and 5 did not support recent or remote WNV infection. JEV vaccine dilutions were detected by both cobas and supplemental NAT.
We recommend implementing a temporary blood donor deferral following a JEV vaccination, if screening utilizes a WNV assay with the capability of detecting other members of the JE serocomplex.