弓形虫病是一种由弓形虫引起的全球流行的人畜共患疾病。本研究旨在总结基于GRA6基因标记在世界各地不同宿主中对弓形虫菌株进行基因分型的可用数据。我们使用五个国际数据库(PubMed,Scopus,科学直接,WebofScience,和谷歌学者)从成立到2021年12月。我们确定了32篇有资格纳入本系统综述的论文。大多数研究(50%)是在伊朗(n=16)进行的,以基于GRA6基因鉴定弓形虫基因型。其他有研究报告的国家包括中国,Japan,瑞典,和意大利(每个n=2)。在从不同宿主收集的3434个样本中,大多数研究(n=11)集中在人类样本(34.4%),其次是绵羊(n=7),猪(n=4),山羊(n=3)和土壤和牛(n=2)。使用各种分子方法,如常规PCR,巢式PCR,实时PCR,微卫星分析,和限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP),我们在3,434份样本中发现了805份DNA阳性结果.其中,285(35.40%),207(25.71%),182(22.60%),65(8.07%),18人(2.23%)感染了I型,II,III,混合I,II,III,和混合II,III,分别。我们的数据表明GRA6基因标记具有足够的多态性来检测各种宿主中的三种类型的弓形虫基因型。确定特定的基因型在开发新的治疗策略方面可能是有价值的,疫苗接种,诊断,control,和预防弓形虫感染。
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease with a worldwide prevalence that is caused by Toxoplasma gondii. This study aimed to summarize available data on genotyping T. gondii strains based on the GRA6 gene marker in different hosts around the world. We conducted a comprehensive literature search using five international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) from inception until December 2021. We identified 32 papers eligible for inclusion in this systematic
review. The majority of studies (50%) were carried out in Iran (n = 16) to identify T. gondii genotypes based on the GRA6 gene. Other countries with reported studies include China, Japan, Sweden, and Italy (n = 2 each). Out of 3,434 samples collected from various hosts, most studies (n = 11) focused on human samples (34.4%), followed by ovine (n = 7), pig (n = 4), goat (n = 3) and soil and cattle (n = 2).Using various molecular methods such as conventional PCR, nested-PCR, real-time PCR, microsatellite analysis, and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), we found DNA positive results in 805 out of 3,434 samples. Of these, 285 (35.40%), 207 (25.71%), 182 (22.60%), 65 (8.07%), and 18 (2.23%) were infected with types I, II, III, mix I, II, III, and mix II, III, respectively. Our data demonstrate that the GRA6 gene marker has sufficient polymorphism to detect three types of T. gondii genotypes in various hosts. Identifying the specific genotype could be valuable in developing new strategies for treatment, vaccination, diagnosis, control, and prevention of T. gondii infection.