PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The study of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes is beneficial for detecting strains linked to increased disease severity and uncovering the processes involved in the transmission and distribution of this zoonotic parasite. A systematic review of literature was conducted to investigate the present status of T. gondii genetic diversity in African countries and among host species on the continent. Data from the results in the included studies were sorted, reviewed and descriptively analysed using tables, graphs and maps. Results indicate that there is a relative amount of genetic diversity with a clear difference in the population structure between geographical regions and the propensity for unique and regional genotypes to be predominant in tropical rainforest biomes, near the equator. From a clinical perspective, connections between specific T. gondii genotypes and disease manifestations were found. Theories are outlined on the dissemination of African T. gondii genotypes to other continents. The overrepresentation of samples from one geographical area and dissimilar genotyping methodologies creates challenges when concluding on the genetic diversity of T. gondii in Africa. The need for uniform genotyping methods with a continent-wide sampling of an extensive host range involving humans, domestic animals and wildlife is emphasized.
摘要：
弓形虫基因型的研究有利于检测与疾病严重程度增加有关的菌株，并揭示与这种人畜共患寄生虫的传播和分布有关的过程。对文献进行了系统的回顾，以调查非洲国家和非洲大陆寄主物种之间弓形虫遗传多样性的现状。对纳入研究的结果数据进行排序，使用表格进行审查和描述性分析，图和地图。结果表明，存在相对数量的遗传多样性，地理区域之间的种群结构存在明显差异，并且在热带雨林生物群落中，独特和区域基因型的倾向占主导地位。赤道附近。从临床的角度来看,发现了特定弓形虫基因型与疾病表现之间的联系。概述了有关将非洲弓形虫基因型传播到其他大陆的理论。在总结非洲弓形虫的遗传多样性时，来自一个地理区域的样本的过多代表和不同的基因分型方法带来了挑战。需要统一的基因分型方法，对涉及人类的广泛宿主范围进行全大陆采样，强调家畜和野生动物。
