背景:瞬时受体电位(TRP)通道是非选择性的Ca2+渗透通道,广泛而动态地参与口腔环境刺激的感知,在口腔组织病理学和口腔疾病中起关键作用。牙髓炎和牙周炎期间分泌的几种因素,例如促炎细胞因子,前列腺素,谷氨酸,胞外ATP,和缓激肽,可以触发TRP,直接或间接,降低感觉神经元的阈值,调节免疫细胞功能。
目的:研究TRP通道在口腔病理中的多种功能和分子机制,并探讨其临床意义和治疗靶向潜力。
方法:相关关键词用于科学数据库中的研究(泵送,Scopus,和科学直接)。只包括英文文章,筛选,并批判性地分析。这些研究的关键发现包括在内,以及它们的临床重要性。
结果:某些TRP通道被检测为口腔病理学的关键介质。发现TRPV1在髓核疼痛传导中起重要作用,诱导炎症,并参与牙周炎期间的骨吸收。TRPM2激活可能会减少头颈部放射后腺泡唾液细胞的唾液分泌和口干症,而TRPV1和TRPA1通道介导三叉神经疼痛。已证明几种TRP激动剂和拮抗剂与某些化合物如辣椒素一起阻断口腔疾病的病理途径。卡沙西平,硝苯地平,丁香酚,thapsigargin和特定的靶向技术,如UHF-USP和Er:YAG激光器。目前的TRP靶向方法已被证明在成骨细胞和成纤维细胞增殖中发挥有益作用。癌细胞凋亡,唾液分泌,和伤害性。
结论:TRP在疼痛传导中起核心作用,口腔组织的炎症反应,和口腔粘膜的病理状况,包括口腔鳞状细胞癌和溃疡性粘膜炎。
BACKGROUND: Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are non-selective Ca2+ permeable channels with a wide and dynamic involvement in the perception of environmental stimuli in the oral cavity and a pivotal role in oral tissues\' pathology and oral diseases. Several factors secreted during pulpitis and periodontitis, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandins, glutamate, extracellular ATP, and bradykinin, can trigger TRPs, either directly or indirectly, lowering the threshold of sensory neurons and regulate immune cell function.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diverse functions and molecular mechanisms of TRP channels in oral pathology and critically discuss their clinical significance and therapeutic targeting potential.
METHODS: Relevant keywords were used for research in scientific databases (Pumped, Scopus, and Science Direct). Only articles in English were included, screened, and critically analyzed. The key findings of these studies were included, along with their clinical importance.
RESULTS: Certain TRP channels were detected as key mediators of oral pathology. TRPV1 was revealed to play an important role in pain transduction in pulpits, induce inflammation, and be involved in bone resorption during periodontitis. TRPM2 activation may reduce saliva secretion in acinar salivary cells and xerostomia after head and neck radiation, while TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels mediate trigeminal nerve pain. Several TRP agonists and antagonists have been demonstrated to block pathological pathways in oral diseases along with certain compounds such as capsaicin, capsazepine, nifedipine, eugenol, thapsigargin and specific targeting techniques such as UHF-USP and Er: YAG lasers. Current TRP targeting approaches have been shown to exert beneficial effects in osteoblasts and fibroblasts proliferation, carcinoma cells\' apoptosis, saliva secretion, and nociception.
CONCLUSIONS: TRPs play a central role in pain transduction, inflammatory responses in oral tissues, and pathological conditions of the oral mucosa, including oral squamous cell carcinoma and ulcerative mucositis.