背景:在许多研究中已经调查了肥胖成人的皮肤变化,但是这个问题还没有在儿童中得到充分的调查。
目的:我们旨在通过将肥胖儿童与正常体重儿童进行比较来确定肥胖儿童皮肤表现的患病率。
方法:2017年6月至2019年1月进行了一项横断面研究,纳入82名肥胖儿童和86名正常体重健康对照儿童。研究参与者由同一位皮肤科医生进行详细的全身皮肤检查;必要时进行真菌学和伍德氏灯检查。记录参与者的社会人口统计学和人体测量。
结果:腹纹是肥胖儿童最常见的皮肤表现;肥胖者的腹纹明显高于对照组(72%vs.26.7%,p<.001)。各组中条纹的解剖分布显着不同。在对照组中,臀部最常见的是条纹,而大腿是肥胖组中最常见的部位。黑棘皮病(63.4%vs.3.5%,p<.001),acrochordons(17.1%vs.1.2%,p<.001),毛发角化病(32.9%vs.17.4%,p=.021),intertrigo(11%vs.0%,p=.001),毛囊炎(31.7%vs.5.8%,p<.001),脂溢性皮炎(12.2%vs.3.5%,p=.035)和面部红斑(7.3%vs.0%,与对照组相比,p=.012)在肥胖组中在统计学上更常见。
结论:儿童肥胖与多种皮肤表现有关。需要进一步的研究来确定减肥是否可以减少肥胖儿童的皮肤表现。
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous changes in obese adults have been investigated in numerous studies, but this issue has not been adequately investigated in children.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the prevalence of skin manifestations in children with obesity by comparing them to normal-weight children.
METHODS: A cross-sectional
study was conducted between June 2017 and January 2019 in which 82 children with obesity and 86 normal-weight healthy control children were enrolled.
Study participants had detailed full-body skin examinations performed by the same dermatologist; mycological and Wood\'s lamp examinations were performed when necessary. Sociodemographic and anthropometric measurements of the participants were recorded.
RESULTS: Striae distensae were the most common skin manifestation in children with obesity; striae were significantly higher in the obese than in the control group (72% vs. 26.7%, p < .001). The anatomical distribution of the striae distensae in the groups differed significantly. Striae distensae were most commonly observed on the buttocks in the control group, while the thighs were the most common site in the obese group. Acanthosis nigricans (63.4% vs. 3.5%, p < .001), acrochordons (17.1% vs. 1.2%, p < .001), keratosis pilaris (32.9% vs. 17.4%, p = .021), intertrigo (11% vs. 0%, p = .001), folliculitis (31.7% vs. 5.8%, p < .001), seborrheic dermatitis (12.2% vs. 3.5%, p = .035) and facial erythema (7.3% vs. 0%, p = .012) were found to be statistically significantly more common in the obese group compared to the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: Obesity in children is associated with numerous cutaneous manifestations. Further
study is needed to identify whether weight loss can reduce skin manifestations in obese children.