背景:为了调查大豆消费之间的关系,COPD风险和呼吸道症状的患病率,在日本进行了一项病例对照研究.
方法:总共278名符合条件的患者(244名男性和34名女性),在过去四年内诊断为50-75岁的COPD,由呼吸内科医师转诊,从社区招募了340名对照(272名男性和68名女性)。所有参与者都进行了呼吸功能的肺活量测定。人口统计信息,使用结构化问卷获得生活方式特征和习惯性食物消费.
结果:总大豆消费量与观察到的肺功能指标呈正相关。对照组的平均大豆摄入量(59.98,SD50.23g/天)明显高于病例(44.84,SD28.5g/天)。每天摄入的大豆产品总量中,最高四分位数与最低四分位数相比,COPD风险显著降低。调整后比值比(OR)0.392,95%CI0.194-0.793,p为趋势0.001。COPD风险的类似降低与大豆食物如豆腐和豆芽的频繁和较高摄入量有关。而呼吸道症状与大豆食物的高消费成反比,尤其是呼吸困难(OR0.989,95%CI0.982-0.996)。
结论:大豆消费量的增加与COPD和呼吸困难的风险降低相关。
BACKGROUND: To investigate the relationship between soy consumption, COPD risk and the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, a
case-control study was conducted in Japan.
METHODS: A total of 278 eligible patients (244 men and 34 women), aged 50-75 years with COPD diagnosed within the past four years, were referred by respiratory physicians, while 340 controls (272 men and 68 women) were recruited from the community. All participants underwent spirometric measurements of respiratory function. Information on demographics, lifestyle characteristics and habitual food consumption was obtained using a structured questionnaire.
RESULTS: Total soy consumption was positively correlated with observed lung function measures. The mean soy intake was significantly higher among controls (59.98, SD 50.23 g/day) than cases (44.84, SD 28.5 g/day). A significant reduction in COPD risk was evident for highest versus lowest quartile of daily intake of total soybean products, with adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.392, 95% CI 0.194-0.793, p for trend 0.001. Similar decreases in COPD risk were associated with frequent and higher intake of soy foods such as tofu and bean sprouts, whereas respiratory symptoms were inversely associated with high consumption of soy foods, especially for breathlessness (OR 0.989, 95% CI 0.982-0.996).
CONCLUSIONS: Increasing soy consumption was associated with a decreased risk of COPD and breathlessness.