在2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)之后,社会距离有助于遏制这一流行病。为了最大限度地发挥其效力,调查预测遵守社会距离指南的心理因素并检查相应的干预措施是至关重要的。我们专注于在if-then计划中的个体差异,自我控制,和无聊,并测试了基于if-then计划的干预措施。我们结合观测和实验方法进行了两波纵向研究。参与者(N=574,35.7%为女性,年龄:M=37.5岁,SD=10.8)报告了他们对社交距离指南的坚持以及T1时坚持的难度,以及if-then计划的特质指标,自我控制,和无聊。之后,他们被随机分配到if-then计划干预中以提高依从性,或控制干预。在T2的一周后,参与者再次报告了他们的依从性和感知的依从性困难。多元回归和结构方程模型被用来确定特征如果-然后规划,自我控制,无聊预测坚持,并检查if-then计划干预的效果。特质如果-然后规划,自我控制,无聊与T1依从性有关,而只有if-then计划和无聊可以预测T2依从性。没有出现if-then计划干预的整体治疗效果;然而,遵守干预措施的参与者(75.6%)在一段时间内的依从性高于对照组.总之,如果-然后计划的个体差异,自我控制,无聊预示着坚持社交距离准则。If-then计划干预措施很有希望,但需要采取进一步措施来确定合规性。
In the wake of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), social distancing is instrumental for containing the pandemic. To maximize its effectiveness, it is paramount to investigate psychological factors that predict adherence to social distancing
guidelines and examine corresponding interventions. We focused on individual differences in if-then planning, self-control, and boredom, and tested an intervention based on if-then planning. We conducted a two-wave longitudinal study combining observational and experimental methods. Participants (N = 574, 35.7% female, age: M = 37.5 years, SD = 10.8) reported their adherence to social distancing
guidelines and the perceived difficulty of adherence at T1, along with trait measures of if-then planning, self-control, and boredom. Afterwards, they were randomly assigned to an if-then planning intervention to increase adherence, or to a control intervention. One week later at T2, participants again reported their adherence and the perceived difficulty of adhering. Multiple regression and structural equation modeling were used to establish whether trait if-then planning, self-control, and boredom predicted adherence, and to examine the effects of the if-then planning intervention. Trait if-then planning, self-control, and boredom were associated with T1 adherence, while only if-then planning and boredom predicted T2 adherence. No overall treatment effect of the if-then planning intervention emerged; however, participants who complied with the intervention (75.6%) maintained higher levels of adherence over time than control participants. In sum, individual differences in if-then planning, self-control, and boredom predicted adherence to social distancing
guidelines. If-then planning interventions are promising but require further steps to ascertain compliance.