背景:金融稀缺心态的概念引起了人们的广泛关注,作为决策不良和功能失调行为的解释。有人认为,财务短缺也可能损害饮食行为,通过自我控制的下降。隧道的潜在认知机制(关注金融问题,忽视其他需求),认知负荷(对干扰执行功能的心理带宽征税)和时间取向(向当前时间范围的转变,相对于未来的时间范围)可以解释财务稀缺与自我控制相关的饮食行为之间的关联。当前的范围审查收集了有关这些机制如何影响经济匮乏人群饮食行为的最新证据。它建立在基于行为经济学和健康心理学见解的理论框架之上。
方法:在六个在线数据库中进行了文献检索,产生了9.975篇论文。搜索词是隧道,认知负荷和时间取向,金融稀缺,和饮食行为。用ASReview进行筛查,AI排名工具。总的来说,14篇论文被纳入范围审查。我们使用PRISMA-ScR指南进行报告。
结果:有限的证据表明,稀缺心态可能会增加隧道,通过注意缩小食物成本,然后直接影响饮食行为。稀缺心态包括经历财务压力,这可以理解为认知负荷。认知负荷降低注意力能力,这可能会损害饮食选择中的自我控制。金融稀缺性与当前的时间取向有关,通过改变优先事项和降低健康饮食行为的动机来影响饮食选择。
结论:稀缺心态以不同方式影响饮食行为。隧道和时间取向的转变表明注意力的重定向,这可以被视为更适应这种情况。这些可能是间接影响自我控制能力的过程。认知负荷可能会降低健康饮食行为所需的自我控制能力,因为它会消耗心理带宽。经历财务稀缺时不断变化的时间取向如何与饮食行为中自我控制的动机有关,这是一个有希望进一步探究的主题。
BACKGROUND: The concept of a financial scarcity mindset has raised much attention as an explanation for poor decision-making and dysfunctional behavior. It has been suggested that financial scarcity could also impair dietary behavior, through a decline in self-control. Underlying cognitive mechanisms of tunneling (directing attention to financial issues and neglecting other demands), cognitive load (a tax on mental bandwidth interfering with executive functioning) and time orientation (a shift towards a present time horizon, versus a future time horizon) may explain the association between financial scarcity and self-control related dietary behavior. The current scoping
review gathers recent evidence on how these mechanisms affect dietary behavior of people experiencing financial scarcity. It builds on a theoretical framework based on insights from behavioral economics and health psychology.
METHODS: A literature search was executed in six online databases, which resulted in 9.975 papers. Search terms were tunneling, cognitive load and time orientation, financial scarcity, and dietary behavior. Screening was performed with ASReview, an AI-ranking tool. In total, 14 papers were included in the scoping
review. We used PRISMA-ScR guidelines for reporting.
RESULTS: Limited evidence indicates that a scarcity mindset could increase tunneling, through attentional narrowing on costs of food, which then directly impacts dietary behavior. A scarcity mindset involves experiencing financial stress, which can be understood as cognitive load. Cognitive load decreases attentional capacity, which could impair self-control in dietary choices. Financial scarcity is related to a present time orientation, which affects dietary choices by shifting priorities and decreasing motivation for healthy dietary behavior.
CONCLUSIONS: A scarcity mindset affects dietary behavior in different ways. Tunneling and a shift in time orientation are indicative of an attentional redirection, which can be seen as more adaptive to the situation. These may be processes indirectly affecting self-control capacity. Cognitive load could decrease self-control capacity needed for healthy dietary behavior because it consumes mental bandwidth. How a changing time orientation when experiencing financial scarcity relates to motivation for self-control in dietary behavior is a promising theme for further inquiry.