暂无摘要。

Information technology has become an important driver to facilitate higher education developments in the context of new medical sciences. A new \"virtual-real combination\" experimental teaching model was designed and created through integrating information technology with experimental teaching by Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Pathogen Biology, Nanjing Medical University and was applied in Human Parasitology teaching, which achieved satisfactory teaching effectiveness. This new model showed effective to deepen the understanding of the basic human parasitology knowledge, improve the operative skills, and cultivate the moral literacy and comprehensive capability among medical students. This report presents the teaching protocols and implementation, teaching effectiveness and evaluation, and experiences of comprehensive schistosome experiments.
［摘要］ “新医科”背景下, 信息技术已成为推动高等教育发展的重要驱动力之一。南京医科大学基础医学实验教学中心联合基础医学院病原生物学系将信息技术与实验教学相融合, 设计和构建了“虚实结合”实验教学新模式, 并应用于《人体寄生虫学》教学, 取得了良好的教学效果。该模式有助于学生加深对人体寄生虫学基础知识的理解, 锻炼实践操作技能, 培养医学生道德素养和综合能力。本文以“血吸虫综合实验”为例, 对教学方案和实施、教学效果和评价、教学体会等进行了总结。.

BACKGROUND: Schistosomiasis is a chronic parasitic infection endemic in many countries. Colonic schistosomiasis is a rare entity with no specific clinical manifestations or endoscopic aspects, which delays the diagnosis. Diagnosis is primarily dependent on histopathological analysis, and treatment with antihelminthics typically resolves the infection.
METHODS: We present the case of a 21-year-old male who suffered from chronic diarrhea and abdominal pain. Physical examination found no abnormalities, blood tests were normal, and stool examination was negative. A colonoscopy revealed a nodular terminal ileal mucosa, two cecal polypoid lesions with no particular surface pattern, and millimetric erosions in the rectum. The presence of Schistosoma eggs with thick peripheral capsules and viable embryos inside and numerous eosinophils surrounding the egg capsule were observed on histopathological examination. The patient received praziquantel, and his symptoms were resolved.
CONCLUSIONS: Colonic schistosomiasis should be considered as a differential diagnosis, especially in endemic countries. Endoscopy and histopathological examination can confirm the diagnosis, and antihelminthics are an effective treatment.

UNASSIGNED: Schistosomiasis is a trematodes infection more prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas such as Yemen. Giant colonic polyp manifestations of intestinal bilharziasis are uncommon, difficult to differentiate from other colonic polyps, and can mimic cancer.
UNASSIGNED: A 10-year-old child presented with chronic abdominal pain that started ten months ago. The patient had a family history of lymphoma in his brother. The computed tomography scan showed a sigmoid luminal mass measuring 10×3 cm with significant lumen narrowing and diffuse circumferential wall thickening of the sigmoid colon, hepatomegaly, and multiple perilesional, para-hepatic, and pulmonary lymph nodes enlargements. The mass was morphologically mimicked cancer and proved to be of bilharzial etiology (Schistosoma mansoni) after surgical excision.
UNASSIGNED: Even though the bilharzial colonic polyps are rare, it is challenging to differentiate them from other malignant colonic polyps. Clinicians should have a high suspicion regarding its manifestations to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions, especially in an endemic area, even in patients with a strong family history of cancer.

An imported case of acute schistosomiasis was reported in Wuhan City in 2020. The case was infected with Schistosoma by contact with the infested water due to playing water in the Yangtze River when working out of Hubei Province. The patient visited four medical institutions and the duration from onset to definitive diagnosis was 20 days. The patient\'s low awareness of schistosomiasis prevention and control knowledge and lack of diagnosis and treatment awareness for schistosomiasis among medical institutions were considered as main causes of the development of acute schistosomiasis and progression to severe case. Intensifying schistosomiasis health education among mobile populations and improving the awareness and capability of early diagnosis of schistosomiasis among clinicians are recommended.
［摘要］ 2020 年武汉市报告 1 例输入性急性血吸虫病病例, 该病例在外省务工时, 因前往长江江滩下水游玩接触疫水而 感染血吸虫病, 自发病至确诊历时 20 d、辗转 4 家医疗机构, 一度病危。该病例血吸虫病防治意识淡薄和相关医疗机构 血吸虫病诊断意识缺乏可能是该病例发生并进展到重症的主要原因。应进一步加强流动人员血吸虫病健康教育, 同时 切实提高临床医生血吸虫病早期诊断的意识与能力。.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and shunt surgery are established treatment options for portal hypertension, but have not been systematically evaluated in patients with portal hypertension due to hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS), one of the neglected tropical diseases with major impact on morbidity and mortality in endemic areas.
In this retrospective case study, patients with chronic portal hypertension due to schistosomiasis treated with those therapeutic approaches in four tertiary referral hospitals in Germany and Italy between 2012 and 2020 were included. We have summarized pre-interventional clinical data, indication, technical aspects of the interventions and clinical outcome.
Overall, 13 patients with confirmed HSS were included. 11 patients received TIPS for primary or secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding due to advanced portal hypertension and failure of conservative management. In two patients with contraindications for TIPS or technically unsuccessful TIPS procedure, proximal splenorenal shunt surgery in combination with splenectomy was conducted. During follow-up (mean follow-up 23 months, cumulative follow-up time 31 patient years) no bleeding events were documented. In five patients, moderate and transient episodes of overt hepatic encephalopathy were observed. In one patient each, liver failure, portal vein thrombosis and catheter associated sepsis occurred after TIPS insertion. All complications were well manageable and had favorable outcomes.
TIPS implantation and shunt surgery are safe and effective treatment options for patients with advanced HSS and sequelae of portal hypertension in experienced centers, but require careful patient selection.

UNASSIGNED: To report a rare case of schistosomiasis observed during semen evaluation.
UNASSIGNED: Case report.
UNASSIGNED: University hospital.
UNASSIGNED: A 30-year-old man referred for semen analysis.
UNASSIGNED: None.
UNASSIGNED: Poor sperm motility and viability.
UNASSIGNED: The patient produced 9.8 mL of brown colored semen with a bad odor. Total and progressive sperm motility were 9% and 2%, respectively. Sperm concentration was 112 million/mL. Microscopic semen evaluation showed slight sperm agglutination, a large number of Schistosoma haematobium ova, extensive debris, and a large numberot of amorphous cells. Approximately 20 million/mL of neutrophils were observed in the ejaculate. The sperm viability was extremely low (13%). Sperm morphology was 6% normal, and most abnormal sperm had coiled tails in addition to other abnormalities.
UNASSIGNED: A microscopic examination of semen from suspected Schistosoma haematobium-infected patients may not only help in confirming diagnosis but may also highlight the underlying infertility due to this infestation. Such cases are rarely observed in andrology laboratories; therefore, it is important to train all testing staff on rare semen samples.

BACKGROUND: Ocular damage, including damage to the conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, eyelids, and orbit, caused by Schistosoma haematobium is sporadic. We report a clinical case of orbital migration of schistosome eggs.
METHODS: A 14-year-old boy of Malian nationality presented with a painless swelling of the upper right eyelid, which had been gradually increasing for approximately 3 months. Visual acuity was logMAR 0.10 and 0.00 in the right and left eye, respectively. External examination revealed a right palpebral mass, pushing the globe slightly downward and inward. Computed tomography revealed a mass of the right lacrimal gland. Total excision of the mass was performed by transpalpebral orbitotomy. Pathological examination revealed an inflammatory granulomatous infiltrate of the lacrimal gland consisting of lymphocytes, eosinophils, giant cells, epithelioid cell, histiocytes and calcified Schistosoma eggs with terminal spine. Urine examination revealed eggs of S. haematobium. Praziquantel 40 mg/kg was administered to the patient. The hematuria stopped after 1 week. After 3 years of follow-up, no recurrence was noted.
CONCLUSIONS: The bilharzian granuloma of the lacrimal gland is an ectopic site of the parasite. In this case, the granuloma was cured by surgical excision followed by a course of Praziquantel.

BACKGROUND: Genitourinary (GU) schistosomiasis is a chronic infection caused by a parasitic trematode, with Schistosoma haematobium (S. haematobium) being the prevalent species. The disease has a variable prevalence around the world, with a greater burden on, but not limited to Africa, South America, Asia, and the Middle East.
METHODS: We report the case of a 30-year-old man who presented with symptoms of bladder stones. During endoscopic cystolithalopaxy, we did not detect any stones in the bladder. Upon careful scanning of the urinary bladder trigone, sandy patches were detected. We performed endoscopic resection, which revealed a closed diverticulum with bladder stones. The diverticular wall was sent for histopathology and revealed features of chronic granulomatous inflammation with numerous embedded Schistosoma eggs, with some of the eggs having lateral spines. The patient was treated with praziquantel, and his symptoms completely resolved.
CONCLUSIONS: GU schistosomiasis is primarily caused by S. haematobium. However, Schistosoma mansoni mediated GU schistosomiasis is unusual, making this a quite interesting case.

A 23-year-old Korean woman with a residence history in Kenya and Malawi for about 2 years presented with gross hematuria for 1 month. Blood tests were within normal range except eosinophilia. Asymmetrically diffuse wall thickening and calcification were observed at the urinary bladder on CT. Multiple erythematous nodular lesions were observed in the cystoscopy and transurethral resection was done. Numerous eggs of Schistosoma haematobium with granulomatous inflammation were observed in the submucosal layer of the bladder. The patient was diagnosed with schistosomiasis-related cystitis and treated with praziquantel (40 mg/kg/day) twice before and after transurethral resection. This case suggests that S. haematobium infection should be considered as a cause of hematuria in Korea when the patient had a history of traveling endemic areas of schistosomiasis.