这项研究的范围包括建立一个综合的具有成本效益的采样和实验室分析程序,描述采样,细颗粒提取废物沉积物的二次采样和分析不确定性。此程序旨在为决策者提供支持,以促进细粒废物堆积物的回收和土地开垦。此过程包括平衡复制采样设计(BRSD)以及三个拆分水平ANOVA数据处理。本文为读者提供了三个分层ANOVA分析(3L-ANOVA)的数学背景以及其实现的Excel算法。此外,本文介绍了在罗马尼亚铁矿石尾矿(IOT)旧池塘的情况下实施所开发方法的示例。本文的研究结果包括:a)认为,基于OM,SEM-EDS,XRFS和XRD观察,经典TOS对细粒度废物沉积物无效;b)BRSD与3L-ANOVA分析相结合是唯一适合可靠表征细粒度库存的方法;c)采样不确定性是分析物浓度不确定性预算的关键因素;d)Lilliefors方法适用于被测量值是否正常分布的假设检验;e)进行的BRDSD和TeliOVA调查的结果估计约5.5*106立方米,主要包括批次水平的矿物定量,即石英54%(±7%),赤铁矿15%(±3%),方解石11%(±3%),MgO3%(±1%),Al2O39%(±2%)。一些像Ti这样的CRM的浓度,V,Ba,Y,W在ACE极限及其相关的相对扩展不确定度超过50%。因此,扩大的不确定性清楚地描述了决策者关于废物价值的获取数据的可靠性。f)进入Teliuc的物联网可以作为水泥和陶瓷工业以及地质聚合物制造的矿物进行循环。此外,物联网可以作为道路建设和矿山封闭的填料。最后,Teliuc堆场可以在零浪费的情况下进行修复。通过增加收集项目的数量,可以将此程序提供的数据准确性提高到任何期望的水平。但是采样和分析的成本成比例地增加。在这种情况下,可以根据利益相关者的要求对发布的方法进行定制,以安全地支持将细粒度的副产品转化为有价值的二次资源的决定,促进采矿业更大的循环性。
The scope of this study consists of setting up of an integrated cost-effective
sampling & laboratory analyses procedure which delineates
sampling, sub-
sampling and analytical uncertainties in
case of fine-grained extractive waste deposits. This procedure is designed to support the decision makers towards fine-grained waste deposits upcycling and land reclamation. This procedure consists of a balanced replicated
sampling design (BRSD) coupled with a three split levels ANOVA data processing. The paper provides the readership with the mathematical backgrounds of the three split level ANOVA analysis (3L-ANOVA) and an Excel algorithm for its implementation. Also, the paper presents an example of implementation of the developed methods in the
case of a Romanian iron ore tailings (IOT) old pond. The findings of the paper consist of: a) argues, based on OM, SEM-EDS, XRFS and XRD observations, that classical TOS is ineffective for fine-grained waste deposits; b) BRSD in conjunction with 3L-ANOVA analysis is the only approach fit for reliable characterization of the fine-grained stockpiles; c)
sampling uncertainty is the critical factor of the uncertainty budget of the analyte concentration; d) Lilliefors approach is adequate for the hypothesis testing where or not the measurand is normal distributed; e) The outcomes of the BRDSD&3L-ANOVA investigations carried on Teliuc tailings, estimated at circa 5.5* 106 m3, consist mainly of mineral quantification at lot level i.e. quartz ∼54% (±7%), hematite ∼15% (±3%), calcite ∼11% (±3%), MgO 3% (±1%), Al2O3 9% (±2%). The concentrations of some CRMs like Ti, V, Ba, Y, W were found at ACE limits and their associated relative expanded uncertainties overpass 50%. Thus, the expanded uncertainties clearly depict the reliability of acquired data for the decision makers regarding waste valorization. f) The IOT into Teliuc can be upcycled as minerals for cement and ceramic industries as well as for geopolymer manufacture. Also, IOT can be downcycles as filler in road construction and mine closure. Finally, the Teliuc yard can be rehabilitated with zero-waste left behind. The data exactness provided by this procedure can be increased to any desirable level through increasing the number of collected items, but the cost of sampling and analyses increases proportionally. In such circumstances, the posted approach can be tailored at the stakeholder request as to safely underpin the decision to turn finegrained by-products into valuable secondary resources, facilitating a greater circularity of the mining industry.