背景:迷迭香(迷迭香)含有生物碱,酚酸,皂苷,单宁,二萜,黄酮类化合物,和精油,并具有抗氧化剂,抗炎,抗菌,抗癌,神经保护,心脏保护,和保肝作用.虽然迷迭香通常被认为是安全的消费和局部应用,在一些个体中已经报道了过敏反应和皮炎。本文对迷迭香毒性的研究现状进行了深入的综述,阐明其潜在的不利影响和潜在机制。
方法:谷歌学者,PubMed,Scopus,从这些数据库开始到2024年2月,WebofScience被用来进行广泛的研究。
结果:所探讨的毒理学效应包括通过引起萎缩性和退行性改变影响肝脏和肾脏等器官,增加血尿素氮(BUN),天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST),降低总血清蛋白水平。迷迭香可能通过减少睾丸中的精子发生来诱导生殖毒性,睾丸激素,精子密度,和运动性。它还可能通过增加细胞质膜收缩来引发胎儿的遗传毒性和异常,凋亡体的形成,核小体间脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)片段,和DNA阶梯的形成。
结论:虽然迷迭香被认为是安全的食品保存,由于对肾脏的潜在不利影响,因此对于慢性和高剂量应谨慎。肝脏,生殖系统,和畸胎学。此外,它强调了考虑药物相互作用的重要性。本文还强调了在现实暴露情况下考虑毒理学数据的重要性,并讨论了这些发现与人类健康的相关性。因此,建议进一步研究,以增强我们对迷迭香相关毒性特征的了解.
BACKGROUND: Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) contains alkaloids, phenolic acids, saponins, tannins, diterpenes, flavonoids, and essential oils and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. While rosemary is generally considered safe for consumption and topical application, allergic reactions and dermatitis have been reported in some individuals. This paper provides an in-depth
review of the current studies on rosemary toxicity, shedding light on its potential adverse effects and underlying mechanisms.
METHODS: Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to perform extensive research from the inception of these databases until February 2024.
RESULTS: The toxicological effects explored include affecting several organs such as the liver and kidney by causing atrophic and degenerative changes, increasing blood urea nitrogen (BUN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and reducing total serum protein levels. Rosemary may induce reproductive toxicity by decreasing spermatogenesis in the testes, testosterone, sperm density, and motility. It might also trigger genotoxicity and anomalies in fetuses by increasing cytoplasmic membrane shrinkage, the formation of apoptotic bodies, internucleosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation, and DNA ladder formation.
CONCLUSIONS: While rosemary is considered safe for food preservation, caution is warranted regarding chronic and high doses due to potential adverse effects on the kidneys, liver, reproductive system, and teratology. Additionally, it underscores the significance of considering drug interactions. The article also highlights the importance of considering toxicological data in realistic exposure situations and discusses the relevance of these findings for human health. Hence, further research is recommended to enhance our understanding of the toxicity profile associated with rosemary.