COVID-19是由新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV或SARS-CoV-2)引起的,已成为全球公共卫生紧急情况。快速准确的分子诊断技术对于筛查至关重要,隔离,治疗,COVID-19的预防和控制。目前,基于核酸检测的技术和检测2019-nCoV感染特异性抗原或抗体的快速诊断测试是主要的诊断工具.国家药品监督管理局因临床急需,开辟了新药审批的特殊渠道,有18个核酸检测试剂盒,截至2020年4月23日,11个蛋白质检测试剂盒和1个测序相关设备及支持软件已获得批准。当前综述总结了应用情况,优势,中国COVID-19分子诊断的劣势及相关技术改进趋势,确定知识差距,并指出该领域未来的研究重点。预防和控制COVID-19最有效的方法是早期发现,诊断,隔离和治疗。在分子诊断技术的临床应用中,有必要结合病原微生物学,免疫学和其他相关检测技术,倡导多种技术的结合,确定它们如何相互补充,增强实用性,提高COVID-19快速准确诊断和鉴别诊断能力。
COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2) and has become a global public health emergency. Rapid and accurate molecular diagnostic technologies are crucial for the screening, isolation, treatment, prevention and control of COVID-19. Currently, nucleic acid detection-based techniques and rapid diagnostic tests that detect antigens or antibodies specific to 2019-nCoV infections are the primary diagnostic tools. China National Medical Products Administration has opened a special channel for approval of new pharmaceuticals owing to urgent clinical needs, with 18 nucleic acid detection kits, 11 protein detection kits and 1 sequencing-related equipment and supporting software having been approved until April 23, 2020. The current
review summarizes the application situation, advantages, disadvantages and associated technology improvement trends of molecular diagnostics for COVID-19 in China, identifies knowledge gaps and indicates future priorities for research in this field. The most effective way to prevent and control COVID-19 is early detection, diagnosis, isolation and treatment. In the clinical application of molecular diagnosis technology, it is necessary to combine pathogenic microbiology, immunology and other associated detection technologies, advocate the combination of multiple technologies, determine how they complement each other, enhance practicability and improve the ability of rapid and accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of COVID-19.