盐生植物是能够在以严重非生物条件为特征的环境中茁壮成长的植物。包括高盐度和高光照强度,干旱/洪水,和温度波动。有几个物种有种族医学用途,目前正在探索一些食品和化妆品成分的来源。盐生植物被认为是重要的替代经济作物,可用于可持续的盐分生产系统。由于它们能够在传统的糖植物作物无法在盐碱条件下生长,如受盐影响的土壤和盐渍灌溉用水。在上个世纪,体外植物组织培养(PTC)技术通过利用几种商业作物的经济潜力为工业和农业做出了巨大贡献。因此,将PTC应用于选定的盐生植物物种可以有助于开发创新的生产系统并获得基于盐生植物的生物活性产品。这项工作旨在首次汇总和审查有关PTC在盐生植物中应用的最相关信息。为不同物种的微繁殖建立了几种方案。各种外植体类型已被用作起始材料(例如,基底芽和节点,子叶,上胚轴,花序,节间段,叶子,根,根茎,茎,射击技巧,或合子胚胎),涉及不同的微传播技术(例如,节点文化,直接或间接射击新形成,caulogenesis,体细胞胚胎发生,生根,适应环境,种质保存和冷冻保存,和call发生和细胞悬浮培养)。体外系统也用于研究生理,生物化学,和盐生植物的分子过程,如功能和耐盐性研究。因此,PTC对盐生植物的应用可用于改善其受控繁殖和选择所需性状,以在体外生产富含营养和功能成分的植物,以及研究它们对盐胁迫的抗性。
Halophytes are plants able to thrive in environments characterized by severe abiotic conditions, including high salinity and high light intensity, drought/flooding, and temperature fluctuations. Several species have ethnomedicinal uses, and some are currently explored as sources of food and cosmetic ingredients. Halophytes are considered important alternative cash crops to be used in sustainable saline production systems, due to their ability to grow in saline conditions where conventional glycophyte crops cannot, such as salt-affected soils and saline irrigation water. In vitro plant tissue culture (PTC) techniques have greatly contributed to industry and agriculture in the last century by exploiting the economic potential of several commercial crop plants. The application of PTC to selected halophyte species can thus contribute for developing innovative production systems and obtaining halophyte-based bioactive products. This work aimed to put together and
review for the first time the most relevant information on the application of PTC to halophytes. Several protocols were established for the
micropropagation of different species. Various explant types have been used as starting materials (e.g., basal shoots and nodes, cotyledons, epicotyls, inflorescence, internodal segments, leaves, roots, rhizomes, stems, shoot tips, or zygotic embryos), involving different
micropropagation techniques (e.g., node culture, direct or indirect shoot neoformation, caulogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, rooting, acclimatization, germplasm conservation and cryopreservation, and callogenesis and cell suspension cultures). In vitro systems were also used to study physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes in halophytes, such as functional and salt-tolerance studies. Thus, the application of PTC to halophytes may be used to improve their controlled multiplication and the selection of desired traits for the in vitro production of plants enriched in nutritional and functional components, as well as for the study of their resistance to salt stress.