背景:Sejferderechejcha-chajim的唯一已知副本,匿名的旧印刷品,存放在维也纳的奥地利国家图书馆。它是用意第绪语阿什肯纳齐语编写的,并于1613年印刷。作者,一个犹太医生,居住或居住在波兰立陶宛联邦。这本稀有的书,尽管它是400多年前印刷的,尚未在当时的民族医学背景下进行系统评估。
目的:对《指南》中描述的植物药和健康饮食种类进行定量评估,以识别药用,历时,和这种奇特的酒糟的植物轮廓。
方法:为了调查描述在前波兰-立陶宛联邦使用犹太文化药用植物的各种食谱,对《指南》的内容进行了分析。通过审查稀有医学手册的波兰语翻译,获得了草药的所有治疗用途和对健康的营养建议。对于文本中揭示的每种植物用途,我们注意到:科学,分类单元的通用和意第绪语名称,植物家族,使用的植物或物质的一部分,行政管理,准备工作,主要病理学,广泛使用,和推断的病理学(ICD-11和ICPC-3)。
结果:在161种食谱中,记录了58个植物分类单元和361个使用记录。此外,记录了127种混合物与68种植物分类单元和183种使用混合物记录。还发现了22种具有19种植物分类群的饮食食谱。这些数据构成了三个独立的分析,根据《指南》作者的意图。建议主要用于胃肠病学和妇科,而那些使用玫瑰科进行胃肠病学的人,泌尿科,和神经学。对于混合物,唇形科植物也被代表并用于胃肠病学,呼吸系统治疗,和妇科。
结论:Sejferderechejcha-chajim中描述的医学知识填补了有关文艺复兴时期植物医学写作的当代知识空白。指南有一种家庭急救箱的形式,用于医疗目的和日常菜单。为了应对当前医疗保健领域的挑战,研究人员对发现新的治疗化合物越来越感兴趣。这包括对已经认识了几个世纪的制剂和治疗适应症的重新评估。指南中分析和详细的补救措施可以为专注于识别植物来源的生物活性治疗原料的研究人员提供有价值的见解。从而促进现代医疗保健的进步。
BACKGROUND: The only known copy of Sejfer derech ejc ha-chajim, an anonymous old print, is stored in the Austrian National Library in Vienna. It was written in the Yiddish Ashkenazi language and printed in 1613. The author, a Jewish physician, resided or lived in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This rare book, although it was printed over 400 years ago, has not yet been systematically assessed in the ethnomedical context of those times.
OBJECTIVE: A quantitative assessment of the botanical drugs and kinds of healthy diets described in The Guide is presented to recognise the medicinal, diachronic, and botanical outlines of this peculiar rarum.
METHODS: To investigate various recipes describing the use of medicinal plants of Jewish culture in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the content of The Guide was analysed. All therapeutic uses of herbal medicines and nutritional recommendations for health were obtained by reviewing the Polish translation of the rare medical handbook. For each plant usage revealed in the text, we noted: Scientific, Common and Yiddish name of the taxon, Plant family, Part of the plant or substance used, Administration, Preparation, Primary pathology, Broad use, and Inferred pathology (ICD-11 and ICPC-3).
RESULTS: Among the 161 recipes, 58 plant taxa and 361 use records were recorded. Additionally, 127 mixtures with 68 plant taxa and 183 use mixture records were noted. 22 diet recipes with 19 plant taxa were also found. These data constitute three separate analyses, according to the intention of the author of The Guide. Formulations using Apiaceae were recommended primarily for gastroenterology and gynecology, while those using Rosaceae for gastroenterology, urology, and neurology. For mixtures, Lamiaceae plants are also represented and used for gastroenterology, respiratory system treatment, and gynecology.
CONCLUSIONS: The medicinal knowledge described in Sejfer derech ejc ha-chajim fills a gap in contemporary knowledge regarding phyto-medical writing of the Renaissance. The Guide has a form of home first aid kit, used both for medicinal purposes and on the daily menu. In response to current challenges in healthcare, there is a growing interest among researchers in ethnomedicinal sources for the discovery of novel therapeutic compounds. This includes the re-evaluation of formulations and therapeutic indications that have been recognised for centuries. The remedies analysed and detailed in The Guide can provide valuable insights for researchers focused on identifying biologically active therapeutic raw materials of plant origin, thus contributing to advances in modern healthcare.