Developing organizational strategic partnerships is important to advance initiatives such as research, training/education, and interprofessional collaboration (IPC) with a global perspective. Commitments to collaborative leadership, intentional partnership, coordination, and progress, thematically represent the series of critical decisions and actions collectively required to achieve strategic alliance success. The purpose of this paper is to describe the evidenced-informed framework and systematic processes involved in building successful strategic organizational and collaborative partnerships for InterprofessionalResearch.Global to expand and enhance opportunities for IPC on mutually beneficial initiatives. The conceptual model for effective collaborative partnerships by Butt et al. (2008) provided a framework for InterprofessionalResearch.Global to develop two strategic organizational partnerships consistent with its mission, vision, and goals to explore interprofessional research and policy gaps through global research partnerships, grow and sustain communities of practice, and mobilize evidence-informed interprofessional education and collaborative practice across multiple and diverse contexts. These organizational partnerships are defined by a Memorandum of Understanding with clear expectations and mechanisms of communication, defined priority areas and timelines for collaborative efforts, mutual understanding of the purposes of each relationship, and timeline and expectations for periodic evaluation.

UNASSIGNED: Patients on hemodialysis have complex medical diagnoses and medication regimens, requiring access to numerous health services and consultation with various healthcare providers. While interprofessional collaboration can optimize care among hemodialysis patients, these patients commonly experience medication-related problems and frequent hospitalizations resulting from miscommunications and mismanagement of medications.
UNASSIGNED: This study aims to capture the lived experiences of patients on hemodialysis to reveal their medication management needs as they navigate ongoing care between various outpatient services.
UNASSIGNED: A qualitative methodology was used to explore the perspectives of hemodialysis patients. One-on-one, in-person, semi-structured interviews were conducted at an outpatient hemodialysis clinic located inside an urban teaching hospital. English-speaking adults 18 years and older who have been followed at the clinic for at least three months were selected through random, convenience sampling. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Patients were recruited and data were collected iteratively and continued until data saturation was reached. Data was analyzed through the lens of the Picker Principles of Patient Centered Care using a general inductive approach.
UNASSIGNED: A total of nine interviews were conducted. Two major themes, medication management and care navigation, were identified. Though patients had a wealth of knowledge about their medications, and they were motivated to self-manage their medications to enhance their well-being, they experienced barriers with medication management. Patients further expressed challenges with navigating care and spoke of the importance of having good rapport with healthcare providers who are attentive to their needs.
UNASSIGNED: The results revealed a need for improved support for self-care and interprofessional collaboration to possibly reduce the burden of medications and care fragmentation experienced by patients and improve continuity of care for patients.

Loneliness and social isolation are common among older adults. To deliver high-quality care to older patients, healthcare professionals should know the social conditions of their patients. Addressing social determinants of health (SDH) in daily practice is beneficial to both patients and healthcare professionals. We illustrate a patient with congestive heart failure and cognitive decline whose social conditions improved through an SDH assessment. An SDH assessment has some potential advantages, which include facilitating a comprehensive understanding of patients\' social conditions, visualizing how patients\' social conditions have changed, deepening interprofessional collaboration, and ameliorating unnecessary negative emotions toward patients. This case report conveys two key messages. Firstly, healthcare professionals have the capability to evaluate patients\' social backgrounds and enhance their health and social conditions through routine care. Secondly, the utilization of an SDH screening toolkit can support and enhance this initiative.

British Columbia has over 200 rural, remote, and Indigenous communities that have limited health care resources due to physician isolation, sparsity in clinical resources, the lack of collegial support, and provider burnout. Real-time virtual support (RTVS) peer-to-peer pathways provide support to patients and providers. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbating existing health care disparities and equitable access to timely care, RTVS presents a portable and additional opportunity to be deployed in a hospital or patient home setting in rural communities. We highlight the story of the Rural Urgent Doctor in-aid (RUDi) pathway within RTVS that successfully supported the Dawson Creek District Hospital (DCDH) emergency department (ED) in 2021.
This study aims to describe the rapid implementation process and identify facilitators and barriers to successful implementation.
This case study is grounded in the Quadruple Aim and Social Accountability frameworks for health systems learning. The entire study period was approximately 6 months. After 1 week of implementation, we interviewed RUDi physicians, DCDH staff, health authority leadership, and RTVS staff to gather their experiences. Content analysis was used to identify themes that emerged from the interviews.
RUDi physicians covered 39 overnight shifts and were the most responsible providers (MRPs) for 245 patients who presented to the DCDH ED. A total of 17 interviews with key informants revealed important themes related to leadership and relationships as facilitators of the coverage\'s success, the experience of remote physician support, providing a \"safety net,\" finding new ways of interprofessional collaboration, and the need for extensive IT support throughout. Quality improvement findings identified barriers and demonstrated tangible recommendations for how this model of support can be improved in future cases.
By acting as the MRP during overnight ED shifts, RUDi prevented the closure of the DCDH ED and the diversion of patients to another rural hospital. Rapid codevelopment and implementation of digital health solutions can be leveraged with existing partnerships and mutual trust between RTVS and rural EDs to ease the pressures of a physician shortage, particularly during COVID-19. By establishing new and modified clinical workflows, RTVS provides a safety net for rural patients and providers challenged by burnout. This case study provides learnings to be implemented to serve future rural, remote, and Indigenous communities in crisis.

UNASSIGNED: The evolution of primary care practice has led to the implementation of pharmacotherapy discussion groups between general practitioners and community pharmacists (PPPDGs) in some countries. The aim of these groups is to improve drug prescribing practices and strengthen interprofessional relationships.
UNASSIGNED: To gain more insight into factors involved in successful implementation of PPPDGs.
UNASSIGNED: PPPDG implementation in three countries (Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland), was analyzed in a series of case studies. A grid describing different evaluation criteria was completed by stakeholders in their respective country. The data collection was followed by a literature review.
UNASSIGNED: Various models were used to implement PPPDGs within each country and different dynamics were encountered. PPPDGs lead to positive effects on the quality and cost-effectiveness of drug prescribing and on the collaboration between general practitioners (GPs) and community pharmacists (CPs). Factors involved in implementation were also identified, such as expectations of GPs and CPs, configuration of the implemented model, and the role of CPs in the healthcare organization.
UNASSIGNED: This study provides insight into the factors involved in successful implementation of PPPDGs in Belgium, the Netherlands and Switzerland. The findings can be used by healthcare professionals to improve the safety, cost-effectiveness of drug prescriptions and systems in primary care. This study offers a starting point for further research in the field.

The physician\'s perspective on clinical assessment skills by nurses in psychiatry: A case study Abstract: Background: People with a mental and physical illness receive less good somatic care compared to the general population. Patients in psychiatry receive better medical care when nurses have in-depth medical expertise. Therefore, in a psychiatric institution in Switzerland in 2017, the Clinical Assessment and Decision Making (CADM) by nurses was implemented. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate how physicians and senior psychologists experience the implementation of CADM by nurses in order to derive recommendations on how to optimize the collaboration and promote a sustainable establishment. Methods: An embedded single case study was used, and the data analysis was based on grounded theory strategies by Charmaz. Semi-structured expert interviews (n = 11) and open unstructured observations were conducted in a psychiatric institution in Switzerland. Results: The results showed nine relevant aspects regarding collaboration and CADM by nurses: \"Strengths\", \"Weaknesses\", \"Risks\", \"Opportunities\", \"Expectations\", \"Challenges\", \"Benefits\", \"Competencies of CADM nurses\" and \"Wishes for the future\". Conclusions: The physicians and senior psychologists considered the CADM by nurses as an added value for the interprofessional team and for the patients. Lack of clarity regarding the scope of responsibilities, role definitions and possible applications made the implementation of CADM difficult.
Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Menschen mit einer psychischen und somatischen Erkrankung erhalten eine weniger gute somatische Versorgung im Vergleich zur Bevölkerung ohne psychische Erkrankung. Um die Versorgungsqualität zu erhöhen, wurde in einer psychiatrischen Institution in der Schweiz 2017 das Clinical Assessment und Decision Making (CADM) durch Pflegende eingeführt. Ziel: Ziel der Studie war es, zu untersuchen, wie Ärzt_innen und leitende Psycholog_innen die Durchführung des CADM durch Pflegende erleben. Dies, um daraus Empfehlungen abzuleiten, wie die Zusammenarbeit optimiert und eine nachhaltige Etablierung des CADM gefördert werden kann. Methode: Eine Embedded Single Case Study wurde angewandt, die Datenanalyse orientierte sich an den Strategien der Grounded Theory nach Charmaz. Es fanden semistrukturierte Expert_inneninterviews (n = 11) und offene unstrukturierte Beobachtungen in einer Psychiatrie in der Schweiz statt. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse zeigten neun relevante Bereiche, welche die Zusammenarbeit und das CADM durch Pflegende betreffen: „Stärken“, „Schwächen“, „Risiken“, „Chancen“, „Erwartungen“, „Herausforderungen“, „Nutzen“, „Kompetenzen der CADM Pflegenden“ und „Wünsche für die Zukunft“. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Ärzt_innen und leitenden Psycholog_innen erachteten das CADM durch Pflegende als Mehrwert für das interprofessionelle Team und die Patient_innen. Unklarheiten in Bezug auf den Verantwortungsbereich, Rollendefinitionen und Einsatzmöglichkeiten erschwerten die Implementation des CADM.

The Program of Education through Work - Health (PET-Health) Interprofessionality is one of the strategic actions of the \"Plan for the Strengthening of Interprofessionality\" in healthcare in Brazil. Based on the experience of the program, this paperexamines the aspects that impact the adoption and strengthening of interprofessional education and collaborative practices, and issues recommendations for the strengthening of interprofessionality as a guiding principle of training and working in healthcare. This is a document analysis of partial reports from the six- and 12-months of execution of 120 PET-Health Interprofessionality projects in Brazil. The data were analyzed based on content analysis and the categories elaborated a priori. The aspects that impact the adoption and strengthening of interprofessionality in training and working in healthcare, and future recommendations, were organized in the relational, processual, organizational, and contextual dimensions, according to the framework by Reeves et al. The PET-Health Interprofessionality expanded the understanding of elements of interprofessional education and practice and showed that the discussion must take on a more political, critical, and reflexive character. The analysis points to the need for continuity of teaching-learning activities as a strategy to foster interprofessional capacity in healthcare services and consequent strengthening of the Unified Healthcare System in Brazil.

Interprofessional collaboration between dentistry and pharmacy has great value but is often lacking in didactic and experiential education, particularly in dental hygiene programs.
A case-based interprofessional assignment was implemented into the dental hygiene curriculum. Students reflected on their experiences and completed the International Collaborative Competencies Attainment Survey (ICCAS) to assess changes in self-reported interprofessional competencies following the activity.
Reflections revealed knowledge gain themes, with medication-related oral health concerns most frequent (53), followed by systemic adverse effects of medications (31), impact of systemic health on oral health (21), drug-drug interactions (17), and drug information (2). Additionally, students identified both future plans to collaborate with a pharmacist (25) and application of clinical knowledge gained (25). Scores from the ICCAS increased significantly in most of the domain statements following the interprofessional activity.
This interprofessional education (IPE) activity increased student knowledge of the pharmacy profession and provided an experience with interprofessional communication. Students identified the impact of medications on oral health, as well as the value of interprofessional collaboration and communication.
This IPE activity positively impacted student perceptions of interprofessional collaboration with pharmacists.

The interprofessional education collaborative (IPEC) core competencies (CCs) describe standards for effective interprofessional health care practice and education; these standards are updated periodically based on stakeholder feedback. The purpose of this project was to use a qualitative case study approach to describe one multiparous birth trauma survivor\'s fifth birth experience with an interprofessional birth care team (IBCT) and to juxtapose her experiences and perspectives with the IPEC core competencies (IPEC CCs). This approach enabled us to identify strengths and gaps in the standards for interprofessional health care education and practice specific to perinatal care.
One in-depth, open-ended, semi-structured interview was conducted to elicit the participant\'s fifth birth experience. Information from her previous births and the IPEC CCs was used to design the interview guide, and we used independent, deductive, consensus coding to identify themes from verbatim transcripts.
Three themes were identified: (a) Establishing a therapeutic patient-provider relationship; (b) Prioritizing communication, respect, and knowledge in person-centered care; and (c) Shared decision-making as the crux of collaborative care. The participant\'s narrative elevated person-centered, trauma-informed care (TIC) principles as critical to effective interprofessional birth care and as essential threads for the IPEC CCs.
One survivor\'s positive experience after prior birth trauma illustrates the critical role IPEC CCs may play in collaborative perinatal care provided by IBCTs. In our analysis, we also identify the need to explicitly incorporate TIC principles and person-centered language in health care competencies that support the standards for perinatal health care education and practice.

BACKGROUND: Interprofessional collaboration is key to improving the health of individuals and communities. It is supported by provision of Interprofessional education (IPE) which has recently emerged in the Middle East region. This study investigated changes in healthcare students\' attitudes towards interprofessional collaboration after undertaking the Interprofessional Education and Collaboration (IPEC) course.
METHODS: A paper-based anonymous survey using the Interprofessional Attitude Scale (IPAS) was administered to a sample of 346 health students (nursing, medicine, and public health) pre/post undertaking the IPEC course. Less than half of the students provided a post response, with pre/post survey results of 111 pairs subsequently matched and analyzed.
RESULTS: Results showed elevated pre-course scores, an improvement in students\' attitudes towards the interprofessional biases domain of the IPAS, and a slight decline in their scores in the remaining 4 domains (team roles and responsibilities, patient centeredness, community centeredness, and diversity and ethics). These changes were not statistically significant, except for the patient centeredness domain (p = 0.003**).
CONCLUSIONS: The study provided important results about attitudes towards interprofessional collaboration. These findings are essential because our institution is one of few in Lebanon that provides this mandatory course to a large group of health professionals. Future studies should investigate these changes in attitude scores in a larger sample size, and how these attitudes would influence collaboration post-graduation.