■科学界对2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)对嗅觉功能障碍(OD)的长期影响知之甚少。随着COVID-19在全球范围内的流行,输入性病例的风险仍然很高。在中国,有必要了解输入病例的OD。
■采用了前瞻性随访设计。西安市共有11例自我报告COVID-19和OD患者。在2021年8月19日至2021年12月12日期间随访了8家医院。人口统计,临床特征,实验室和放射学发现,入院时对治疗结果进行分析.我们通过电话调查了患者的复发和后遗症,6-,和12个月的随访。
■招募了11名OD患者;其中,54.5%(6/11)存在嗅觉减退,45.5%(5/11)存在嗅觉减退。63.6%(7/11)在入院前或入院当天报告OD为其初始症状;其中,42.9%(3/7)将OD描述为唯一的症状。所有患者均接受中西医结合治疗,72.7%(8/11)在排放时部分或完全恢复。就12个月随访时的OD恢复而言,45.5%(5/11)报告至少有一个后遗症,81.8%(9/11)已完全恢复,18.2%(2/11)部分恢复,没有复发病例。
■我们的数据显示,在输入病例中,OD通常是最初甚至唯一的症状。大多数OD改善发生在发病后的前2周,在长期随访中,COVID-19和OD患者的治疗效果良好。需要更好地了解OD的发病机制和适当的治疗方法,以指导临床医生对这些患者的护理。
UNASSIGNED: The scientific community knows little about the long-term influence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on olfactory dysfunction (OD). With the COVID-19 pandemic ongoing worldwide, the risk of imported cases remains high. In China, it is necessary to understand OD in imported cases.
UNASSIGNED: A prospective follow-up design was adopted. A total of 11 self-reported patients with COVID-19 and OD from Xi\'an No. 8 Hospital were followed between August 19, 2021, and December 12, 2021. Demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory and radiological findings, and treatment outcomes were analyzed at admission. We surveyed the patients via telephone for recurrence and sequelae at the 1-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up.
UNASSIGNED: Eleven patients with OD were enrolled; of these, 54.5% (6/11) had hyposmia and 45.5% (5/11) had anosmia. 63.6% (7/11) reported OD before or on the day of admission as their initial symptom; of these, 42.9% (3/7) described OD as the only symptom. All patients in the study received combined treatment with traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and 72.7% (8/11) had partially or fully recovered at discharge. In terms of OD recovery at the 12-month follow-up, 45.5% (5/11) reported at least one sequela, 81.8% (9/11) had recovered completely, 18.2% (2/11) had recovered partially, and there were no recurrent cases.
UNASSIGNED: Our data revealed that OD frequently presented as the initial or even the only symptom among imported cases. Most OD improvements occurred in the first 2 weeks after onset, and patients with COVID-19 and OD had favorable treatment outcomes during long-term follow-up. A better understanding of the pathogenesis and appropriate treatment of OD is needed to guide clinicians in the care of these patients.