背景:传染性软疣(MC)是一种痘病毒,表现为坚固,光滑,圆顶形,脐带相连,肉色丘疹.在成年人中,MC通常通过性接触传播,并且在免疫系统完整的患者中自限性,但在免疫功能低下的患者中分布更广,难以治疗。我们分析了成人MC与免疫抑制的关系,生活方式的危险因素,和性传播感染(STIs)。
方法:使用AllofUsResearchProgram数据库,根据人口统计学因素,对患有MC的成年人进行鉴定,并与对照1:10进行匹配.合并症,生活方式的危险因素,和药物暴露进行了分析。使用逻辑回归计算赔率。
结果:我们的分析包括146例成人MC和1460例人口统计学匹配的对照。MC患者平均年龄48岁,59%女性,和大多数白人(82.5%)。所有人口统计学特征的对照相似。患有MC的成年人更有可能患有梅毒(优势比(OR)16;95%置信区间(CI)2.57-99.5),人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)(OR9.54;95%CI3.95-23.0),衣原体(OR6.24;95%CI2.38-16.4),尖锐湿疣(OR13.9;95%CI7.36-26.2),生殖器疱疹(OR4.13;95%CI1.87-9.15),或特应性皮炎(AD)(OR2.85;95%CI1.5-5.4)(所有p<.01)。其他合并症的患病率没有差异,生活方式的危险因素,也没有药物暴露(所有p>0.05)。
结论:我们发现成年MC与AD和性传播感染有关,包括艾滋病毒,衣原体,尖锐湿疣,生殖器疱疹,还有梅毒.性活跃的青少年和成年人以及被诊断患有AD的人可以进行MC筛查,并就其潜在增加的风险提供咨询。
BACKGROUND: Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a poxvirus that manifests as firm, smooth, dome-shaped, umbilicated, flesh-colored papules. In adults, MC is commonly spread by sexual contact, and is self-limited in patients with intact immune systems but more widely distributed and difficult to treat in immunocompromised persons. We analyzed cases of adult MC for associations with immunosuppression, lifestyle risk factors, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
METHODS: Using the All of Us Research Program database, adults with MC were identified and matched with controls 1:10 based on demographic factors. Comorbidities, lifestyle risk factors, and medication exposures were analyzed. Odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression.
RESULTS: Our analysis included 146 cases of adults with MC and 1460 demographic-matched controls. Patients with MC were 48 years old on average, 59% female, and majority White (82.5%). Controls were similar for all demographic features. Adults with MC were more likely to have syphilis (odds ratio (OR) 16; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.57-99.5), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (OR 9.54; 95% CI 3.95-23.0), chlamydia (OR 6.24; 95% CI 2.38-16.4), condyloma acuminata (OR 13.9; 95% CI 7.36-26.2), genital herpes (OR 4.13; 95% CI 1.87-9.15), or atopic dermatitis (AD) (OR 2.85; 95% CI 1.5-5.4) (all p < .01). There were no differences in prevalence of other comorbidities, lifestyle risk factors, nor medication exposures (all p > .05).
CONCLUSIONS: We showed that adult MC is associated with AD and STIs, including HIV, chlamydia, condyloma acuminata, genital herpes, and syphilis. Sexually active adolescents and adults and those diagnosed with AD may be screened for MC and counseled on their potentially increased risk.