尽管对居住在沿海水域的物种产生的生物活性化合物的了解正在增加,对海洋物种占据具有高生物多样性和生产力的更深栖息地所产生的生物活性潜力知之甚少。这里,我们研究了栖息在海百合床中的物种产生的分子的生物活性潜力,一个鲜为人知的受拖网影响的重要鱼类栖息地,其中大量的商业和非商业物种被丢弃。根据2019年进行的拖网调查,在海百合床上丢弃的64种物种中,有14%产生具有某种生物活性潜力的分子。包括;软珊瑚(掌状铝藻);被膜(Ascidiamentula);硬骨鱼,如马鲭鱼(Trachurustrachurus);欧洲无须鱼(Merlucciusmerluccius);和软骨鱼,例如小斑点猫鲨(Scyliorhinuscanicula)。此外,16%的被丢弃的物种具有产生具有生物活性潜力的化合物的同类物种,表明这些物种也可能拥有相似类型的生物活性分子。具有抗氧化剂的分子,抗肿瘤,抗高血压药,抗菌特性是最常见的,这可以为未来的研究提供基础,旨在发现用于其他人类用途的新的海洋药物和化合物。在产生具有生物活性潜力的化合物的所有物种或属中,68%的人表现出中等或高度的拖网脆弱性。结果表明,丢弃的渔获物包含许多物种,它们产生代表附加值资源的不同生物活性化合物。这些结果突出了正确管理海百合床的重要性,以确保在这些栖息地产生具有生物活性潜力的分子的物种得到保护。
Although knowledge of the bioactive compounds produced by species inhabiting coastal waters is increasing, little is known about the bioactive potential produced by marine species occupying deeper habitats with high biodiversity and productivity. Here, we investigate about the bioactive potential of molecules produced by species that inhabit the crinoid beds, a poorly known essential fish habitat affected by trawling, wherein large amounts of commercial and noncommercial species are discarded. Based on a trawl survey conducted in 2019, 14% of the 64 species discarded on crinoid beds produce molecules with some type of bioactive potential, including; soft corals (Alcyonium palmatum); tunicates (Ascidia mentula); bony fish, such as horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus); European hake (Merluccius merluccius); and chondrichthyans, such as small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula). In addition, 16% of the discarded species had congeneric species that produce compounds with bioactive potential, indicating that such species might also possess similar types of bioactive molecules. Molecules with antioxidant, antitumour, antihypertensive, and antibacterial properties were the most frequent, which could provide the basis for future research aiming to discover new marine-based drugs and compounds for other human uses. Among all species or genera that produce compounds with bioactive potential, 68% presented medium or high vulnerability to trawling. Results show that the discarded catch contains many species, which produce different bioactive compounds that represent an added-value resource. These results highlight the importance of manage properly crinoid beds, to ensure that species that produce molecules with bioactive potential inhabiting these habitats are protected.