年龄相关的生理变化,代谢和用药情况使得老年人饮酒可能比年轻人更有害。这项研究旨在估计整个老年人饮酒数量和模式的跨国差异,并调查解释50岁及以上个人消费跨国差异的国家层面变量。
使用先前统一的调查数据的横断面观察研究。
在2010年或最接近的一年中对22个国家进行了调查。
共有106180名50岁及以上的成年人。
估计了两种结果的年龄趋势的跨国差异:每周标准饮料单位(SDU)和饮酒模式(从不,曾经,偶尔,中度和重度饮酒)。人类发展指数和伏特加酒的平均价格被用作国家变量,以调节与年龄相关的饮酒下降。
饮酒与年龄呈负相关(风险比=0.98;95%置信区间=0.97,0.99;P值<0.001)。但在饮酒方面与年龄相关的差异存在很大的跨国差异[似然比(LR)检验P值<0.001],即使在调整了人口组成之后。国家/地区的发展水平和酒精价格解释了SDU的跨国差异的31%(LR检验P值<0.001),但不能解释重度饮酒者患病率的跨国差异。
老年人对酒精的使用和有害使用似乎因年龄和国家而异。这种差异可以部分解释为特定国家的人口组成和国家一级的背景因素,如发展水平和酒精价格。
Age-related changes in physiological, metabolic and medication profiles make alcohol consumption likely to be more harmful among older than younger adults. This
study aimed to estimate cross-national variation in the quantity and patterns of drinking throughout older age, and to investigate country-level variables explaining cross-national variation in consumption for individuals aged 50 years and older.
Cross-sectional observational
study using previously harmonized survey data.
Twenty-two countries surveyed in 2010 or the closest available year.
A total of 106 180 adults aged 50 years and over.
Cross-national variation in age trends were estimated for two outcomes: weekly number of standard
drink units (SDUs) and patterns of alcohol consumption (never, ever, occasional, moderate and heavy drinking). Human Development Index and average prices of vodka were used as country-level variables moderating age-related declines in drinking.
Alcohol consumption was negatively associated with age (risk ratio = 0.98; 95% confidence interval = 0.97, 0.99; P-value < 0.001), but there was substantial cross-country variation in the age-related differences in alcohol consumption [likelihood ratio (LR) test P-value < 0.001], even after adjusting for the composition of populations. Countries\' development level and alcohol prices explained 31% of cross-country variability in SDUs (LR test P-value < 0.001) but did not explain cross-country variability in the prevalence of heavy drinkers.
Use and harmful use of alcohol among older adults appears to vary widely across age and countries. This variation can be partly explained both by the country-specific composition of populations and country-level contextual factors such as development level and alcohol prices.