背景:尽管对环境热暴露的有害影响有广泛的发现,对残疾人的影响知之甚少。这项研究旨在评估环境热暴露与残疾人与非残疾人相比急诊科入院之间的关联。
方法:在全国范围内,案例交叉研究,我们将韩国国家健康保险服务(NHIS)-国家样本队列数据库(具有全国代表性的100万涵盖所有年龄段的系统样本受益人的全国代表性数据库)中有关韩国温暖季节任何原因的急诊科入院(病例)的数据从2002年1月1日至2019年12月31日,以及短期每日平均温度暴露(通过GoogleEarthEngine在9km的空间网格上测量,汇总到地区)。我们将残疾受益人定义为在NHIS中注册为残疾的受益人;我们研究中包括的残疾是身体残疾,脑部病变疾病,失明或视力丧失,耳聋或听力损失。出于保密原因,不包括其他类型的残疾。时间分层的案例交叉设计,参与者作为自己的控制,与条件逻辑回归一起使用,以估计有和无残疾的人的热量和急诊科入院之间的关系。
结果:23792例急诊入院记录为59527名残疾人。在这23792名招生中,10234例(43·0%)为女性,13558例(57·0%)为男性。与热量相关的急诊科入院的比值比(OR)(第99个温度百分位数vs第75个百分位数)在残疾人中为1·15(95%CI1·07-1·24),在非残疾人中为1·06(1·04-1·09)。每10万人年因热量引起的急诊科住院的年度超额人数为27·81(95%CI9·20-45·69),残疾人的超额医疗费用为638739·47美元(95%CI201900·12-1059641·87);这些值是非残疾人的四倍以上。患有脑部病变疾病的人,有严重身体残疾的人,女性个体,65岁或以上的人表现出更高的热风险。由于精神障碍(1·89,95%CI1·18-3·00)和呼吸系统疾病(1·34,1·06-1·70)引起的急诊科入院的风险也比其他两个分析的入院原因(心血管和泌尿生殖系统疾病)高。
结论:对于有残疾和无残疾的人来说,高温与急诊科入院的风险增加有关。但残疾人士的风险似乎更高。这些结果可以为决策者制定残疾人行动计划提供信息。
背景:韩国国家研究基金会,韩国环境部,和韩国教育部。
Despite extensive findings on the hazardous impacts of environmental heat exposure, little is known about the effect on people with disabilities. This study aimed to estimate the association between environmental heat exposure and emergency department admissions for people with disabilities compared with people without disabilities.
In this nationwide,
case-crossover study, we linked data on emergency department admissions (cases) for any cause in the warm season in South Korea from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS)-National Sample Cohort database (a nationally representative database of 1 million systematically sampled beneficiaries covering all ages) from Jan 1, 2002, to Dec 31, 2019, and short-term daily mean temperature exposure (measured via Google Earth Engine at a 9 km spatial grid, aggregated to district). We defined beneficiaries with disabilities as those who were registered as disabled in the NHIS; disabilities included in our study were physical disability, brain lesion disorders, blindness or vision loss, and deafness or hearing loss. Other types of disability were not included for confidentiality reasons. A time-stratified
case-crossover design, in which participants served as their own control, was used with conditional logistic regression to estimate the association between heat and emergency department admissions in people with and without disabilities.
23 792 emergency department admissions were recorded for 59 527 people with disabilities. Of these 23 792 admissions, 10 234 (43·0%) individuals were female and 13 558 (57·0%) were male. The odds ratio (OR) of emergency department admissions associated with heat (99th temperature percentile vs 75th percentile) was 1·15 (95% CI 1·07-1·24) in people with disabilities and 1·06 (1·04-1·09) in people without disabilities. The annual excess number of emergency department admissions attributable to heat per 100 000 persons-years was 27·81 admissions (95% CI 9·20-45·69) and excess medical costs were US$638 739·47 (95% CI 201 900·12-1 059 641·87) in people with disabilities; these values were more than four times that of the non-disabled population. People with brain lesion disorders, people with severe physical disabilities, female individuals, and those aged 65 years or older showed higher heat risks. The risks of emergency department admissions due to mental disorder (1·89, 95% CI 1·18-3·00) and respiratory diseases (1·34, 1·06-1·70) also showed higher heat risks than for the other two analysed causes of admission (cardiovascular and genitourinary diseases).
Heat was associated with increased risk of emergency department admissions for people with and without disabilities, but the risk appeared to be higher for those with disabilities. These results can inform policy makers when establishing action plans for people with disabilities.
National Research Foundation of Korea, the South Korean Ministry of Environment, and the South Korean Ministry of Education.