Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare vascular tumor with metastatic potential. EHE can have single- or multiorgan involvement, with presentations ranging from asymptomatic disease to pain and systemic symptoms. The extremely heterogeneous clinical presentation and disease progression complicates EHE diagnosis and management. We present the case of a 24-year-old woman with two periauricular erythematous papules, leading to the discovery of metastatic EHE through routine biopsy, despite a noncontributory medical history. Histology revealed the dermal proliferation of epithelioid cells and vacuoles containing red blood cells. Immunohistochemistry markers consistent with EHE solidified the diagnosis. Although extremely rare, prompt diagnosis of EHE is essential for informed decision-making and favorable outcomes. Key clinical and histopathological findings are highlighted to aid dermatologists in diagnosing and managing this uncommon condition.

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Scalp lesions associated with psoriasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis can be clinically indistinguishable, leading to misdiagnosis. Herein, we highlight a 70-year-old male initially misdiagnosed with psoriasis but subsequently confirmed to have cutaneous leishmaniasis. This emphasizes the importance of considering alternative diagnoses, especially in atypical presentations, to ensure accurate treatment.

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A diagnosis of dermatomyositis requires recognition of distinct patterns of skin disease in combination with, and sometimes without, muscle weakness. Often, a striking contrast between involved and uninvolved areas is observed. Familiar patterns include eyelid and midfacial eruptions, Gottron papules/sign, and upper back (shawl sign), central chest (V/open collar sign), and lateral thigh (holster sign) involvement. More recently, new specific antibody/phenotype-associated patterns have been reported. We describe a case series of two distinct patterns of skin involvement in six adult patients with both classical and amyopathic dermatomyositis. Three had paraneoplastic disease. All had intermediate to richly pigmented skin; five were of Afro-Caribbean and one was of Asian-Caribbean descent. Four were men, and two were women. Ages ranged from 41 to 89 years. All patients had concomitant hallmark signs (facial, hand, and/or trunk signs). Three were amyopathic. The first pattern involved a sharply demarcated, horizontally oriented hyperpigmented patch/thin plaque across the shoulders and upper chest, extending up the anterior neck. The second was the combination of the classical upper back shawl distribution with distinct mid-back sparing and diffuse involvement of the lower back. Named patterns help with the recognition of skin rashes in dermatomyositis. Based on the current lexicon describing items of apparel, we liken the first pattern to a \"fur stole and turtleneck\" sign and the latter to a \"halter-back\" or \"reflected-shawl\" sign. Biopsies revealed hyperkeratosis and interface dermatitis, often with epidermal atrophy, compatible with dermatomyositis. These patterns perhaps represent the coalescence of already well-described signs, photo-exacerbation, koebnerization, mechanical stretch, and other currently unclear factors contributing to patterning in dermatomyositis. Pattern distribution recognition is particularly valuable in individuals with richly pigmented skin who may lack typical violaceous erythema. The distinct demarcation led to the initial misdiagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis or other exogenous dermatitis in most of our patients. Further work involves evaluation of antibody phenotype and internal involvement associations. Limitations include lack of specific antibody panels and longitudinal follow-up data.

Paraconiothyrium cyclothyrioides is a coelomycetous fungus species that was recently identified. We present a case of an elderly farmer with chronic skin lesions of the opisthenar caused by P. cyclothyrioides.

The metastasis of primary breast invasive lobular carcinoma to the gastrointestinal tract and skin is a rare phenomenon, with the simultaneous occurrence of both transfers being more uncommon.
This article reports a case of a patient with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast invasive lobular carcinoma with gastrointestinal tract and skin metastases. The patient was assessed by a second-look ultrasound and diagnosed by subsequent ultrasound-guided needle biopsy. Following endocrine therapy, a favorable effect was observed, with significant regression of the primary breast lesion, cutaneous metastases, and gastrointestinal metastases.
Patients with breast invasive lobular carcinoma should be alert to the possibility of breast cancer metastasis, even if there are no obvious symptoms or signs, when they encounter rapidly progressive cutaneous nodules or plaques, or if they possess gastrointestinal abnormalities. For patients with negative breast ultrasonography for the first time, after combining mammography, Contrast-enhanced Spectral Mammography (CESM) or Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examinations, if breast cancer is highly suspected, second-look ultrasound is particularly crucial at this juncture, which is the key prerequisite for breast needle biopsy and obtaining the gold standard of pathology.

In this study, we describe a patient of primary cutaneous acral CD8-positive lymphoproliferative disorder located in a nonacral region. A 65-year-old male presented with an ill-defined lesion of rubbery consistency and a maximum diameter of 2.5 cm localized in the right thigh. Histologically, it was composed of a diffuse dermal infiltration of medium-sized atypical lymphocytes that expressed CD3, CD8, and TIA-1. In addition, a characteristic paranuclear positivity with CD68 was observed. During the follow-up, the patient had a recurrence of the disease in the abdomen with a lesion showing similar morphology and phenotype. To our knowledge, < 20 patients of primary cutaneous acral CD8-positive lymphoproliferative disorder with a nonacral presentation have been described in English literature. Although rare, its identification is essential to differentiate it from other T-cell lymphoma that express CD8 and cytotoxic markers, and whose clinical courses are very aggressive.

Nocardia is a genus of aerobic, Gram-positive bacteria known for their filamentous and branching morphology. N. brasiliensis is the most common species causing cutaneous nocardiosis. We present a 67-year-old woman who developed abscesseson the back of her right ankle after walking barefoot on soil. Cultures from the cutaneous lesions grew N. brasiliensis. Antibiotic therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole given for a month provided near-complete resolution of her lesions.

Sarcoidosis, a multifaceted systemic disorder characterized histologically by the presence of non-caseating granulomas, has a wide array of cutaneous manifestations. We describe a case of a 74-year-old woman with a complex medical history, who presented with asymptomatic hyperpigmented papules on her lower extremities. Histological examination of a punch biopsy specimen showed nodular and angiocentric patterns of granulomatous inflammation consistent with sarcoidosis, and chest radiography demonstrated bilateral hilar opacities, supporting the diagnosis. To our knowledge, this specific cutaneous presentation of sarcoidosis has not been described before, and it can easily be mistaken for other conditions. Therefore, this case underscores the importance of recognizing atypical cutaneous morphologies of sarcoidosis, particularly in patients with complex medical histories, to facilitate accurate diagnosis and timely intervention. We aim to increase awareness among clinicians regarding the diverse manifestations of sarcoidosis, thereby enhancing diagnostic acumen and patient care.